Chapter 18 Flashcards
Why should the numbers from Kinsey’s research be considered merely illustrative, rather than statistically accurate?
a reliance on nonrandom samples
More than half the poor children living in the United States live in families that are
headed by women.
In which type of society would you expect women’s status to be highest?
hunters and gatherers
With the term sex, anthropologists are referring to biological differences. In contrast, they define gender as
the cultural construction of whether one is female, male, or something else.
Recent cross-cultural studies of gender roles demonstrate that
the relative status of women is variable, depending on such factors as the type of subsistence strategy employed, and the importance of warfare.
Transgender is a social category that
includes people whose gender identity has no apparent biological roots.
Intersex (a group of conditions involving discrepancy between external genitals and internal genitals) can have a variety of chromosomal causes that create a sex-gender difference.
true
The specific roles assigned to each gender vary from culture to culture.
true
Gender roles are the instinctual behaviors that are the exclusive domain of each sex
false
Cross-culturally, women’s roles tend to be focused on activities associated with the home, while men are more active in the public domain.
true
Cross-culturally, the subsistence contributions of men and women are roughly equal.
true
Adding together men’s and women’s subsistence activities and their domestic work, men tend to work more hours than women do.
false
In the United States, attitudes regarding the role of women in the workplace have varied according to economic needs.
true
In the United States today, more than 40 percent of mothers are the primary or sole source of income in their homes.
true
The feminization of poverty refers to the increasing representation of women (and their children) among America’s poorest people.
true
Flexibility in sexual expression seems to be an aspect of our primate heritage
true
Ethnographic evidence has revealed that traditionally, Pawnee women worked wood, and among the Hidatsa, women made boats. Cases such as these suggest that
patterns of division of labor by gender are culturally general—not universal.
Gender studies (as an important subfield of anthropology) is the field of research that investigates who we are as men and women. It also investigates how gender categories intersect with other aspects of human culture, such as sexuality, health, family, religion, economics, politics, sports, and more.
true
As children grow up, they learn what kinds of behavior are perceived as masculine and feminine.
true
Sex refers to the biological differences between the male and female.
true
