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Medical Terminology > Chapter 17 Sense Organs: Eye & Ear > Flashcards

Chapter 17 Sense Organs: Eye & Ear Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

CF

aque/o
water

A

aqueous humor-fluid produced by the ciliary body and found in the anterior chamber

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2
Q

CF

blephar/o
eyelid

A

blepharitis-inflammation of the eyelid

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3
Q

CF

conjunctiv/o
conjunctiva

A

conjunctivitis-commonly called pink eye. Conjunctivitis occurs when blood vessels dilate from allergens like pollen, bacterial infections or virus.

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4
Q

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cor/o
pupil

A

anisocoria-condition of unequal pupils (anis/o = unequal)

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5
Q

CF

corne/o
cornea

A

corneal abrasion-Scratch on the clear front surface of the eye

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6
Q

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cycl/o
ciliary body or muscle of the eye

A

cycloplegic-paralysis of the ciliary muscle. Conditions caused: nearsightedness, farsightedness, lazy eye, cross eye, astigmatism

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7
Q

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dacry/o
tears, tear duct

A

dacryoadenitis-inflammation of the tear ducts

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8
Q

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kerat/o
cornea

A

keratitis-inflammation of the cornea

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9
Q

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lacrim/o
tears

A

lacrimal-pertaining to tears

lacrimation-flow of tears

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10
Q

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ocul/o
eye

A

intraocular-pertaining to a lens implanted in the eye as part of a treatment for cataracts or myopia

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11
Q

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ophthalm/o
eye

A

ophthalmologist-MD who specializes in treating disorders of the eye

ophthalmic-pertaining to the eye

ophthalmoplegia-weakness or paralysis of one or more extraocular muscles which are responsible for eye movement

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12
Q

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opt/o, optic/o
eye, vision

A

Optic- vision

optometrist-non medical professional who grinds lenses and fits glasses but can’t prescribe lenses

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13
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palpebr/o
eyelid

A

palpebral-pertaining to the eyelid

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14
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papill/o
optic disc

A

papilledema-increased intracranial pressure and hyperemia (increased blood flow) in the region of the optic disc

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15
Q

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Phac/o, phak/o
lens of the eye

A

phacoemulsification-technique of cataract extraction using ultrasonic vibrations to fragment (emulsify) the lens and aspirate the pieces from the eye

aphakia-condition may be congenital but most often it is the result of extraction of a cataract (clouded lens) w/out placement of an artificial lens.

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16
Q

CF

pupill/o
pupil

A

pupillary-a physiological response that varies the size of the pupil, optic nerve

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17
Q

CF

retin/o
retina

A

retinitis- inflammation of; retinitis pigmentosa is a genetic disorder (pigmented scar forms in the retina) that destroys retinal rods. Decreased vision, night blindness

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18
Q

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scler/o
sclera (white of the eyes) hard

A

corneoscleral- pertaining to the cornea and the sclera at the corneosclera junction

scleritis-inflammation of the sclera

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19
Q

CF

uve/o
uvea; Vascular layer of the eye
iris, ciliary body, and choroid

A

uveitis- inflammation of the middle layer of the eye (uvea) causes redness, pain and blurred vision

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20
Q

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vitre/o
glassy

A

vitreous humor- transparent jellylike tissue filling the eyeball behind the lens

21
Q

CF

ambly/o
dull, dim

A

amblyopia-condition of a lazy eye.
The suffix -opia = vision. Amblyopia is unilateral or bilateral reduction of visual acuity. Early in life (7-10yrs old) ocular misalignment, such as with strabismus, I corrected errors of refraction, or other eye disorders, can lead to amblyopia

22
Q

CF

dipl/o
double

A

diplopia-condition of double vision

23
Q

CF

glauc/o
gray

A

glaucoma- -oma = mass or collection of fluid (aqueous humor)the term comes from dull gray-green color of the affected eye in advanced cases.

24
Q

CF

mi/o
smaller, less

A

miosis- condition of contraction of the pupil.

25
Q

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mydr/o
widen, enlarge

A

mydriasis- condition of enlargement of pupils

26
Q

CF

nyct/o
widen, enlarge

A

nyctalopia- -opia=vision; -al=blindness. Night blindness is poor vision but good vision during the day. Deficiency of Vit A leads to nyctalopia

27
Q

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phot/o
light

A

photophobia-sensitivity to light

28
Q

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Presby/o
old age

A

presbyopia-condition of impairment of vision as a result of old age.

29
Q

CF

Scot/o
darkness

A

scotoma-area of decreased vision surrounded by an area of normal vision; a blind spot. This can result from damage to the retina or the optic nerve.

30
Q

CF

xer/o
dry

A

xerophthalmia- condition of dry eyes

31
Q

Suffix

-opia
vision

A

hyperopia-condition of farsightedness

32
Q

Suffix

-opsia
vision

A

hemianopsia-condition of absence of vision in half of the visual field (space of vision of each eye)

33
Q

Suffix

-tropia
to turn

A

esotropia-inward (eso-) turning of an eye. Extropia is an outward turning of an eye. Conditions are ex: of strabismus (defect in eye muscles so that both eyes cannot be focused on the same point.

34
Q

CF

acous/o
hearing

A

acoustic-pertaining to hearing

35
Q

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audi/o
hearing; the sense of hearing

A

audiogram-record produced when hearing is being tested

audiologist-health Care professional who specializes in the evaluation and rehab of people with hearing loss

36
Q

CF

audit/o
hearing

A

auditory-relating to the sense of hearing (auditory nerves)

37
Q

CF

aur/o, auricul/o
ear

A

aural-pertaining to the ear

postauricular-pertaining to posterior or behind the oracle of the ear

38
Q

CF

cochle/o
cochlea

A

cochlear-pertaining to the snail-shell shaped auditory area of the inner ear that contains sensitive receptor cells

39
Q

CF

mastoid/o
mastoid process

A

mastoiditis-inflammation caused by bacterial infection, spreads from the middle ear, the mastoid process is the posterior portion of the temporal bone extending downward behind the external auditory meatus.

40
Q

CF

myring/o
eardrum, tympanic membrane

A

myringotomy-surgical incision into the eardrum to relieve pressure or to drain fluid by, not to remove tissue

myringitis-inflammation of the eardrum

41
Q

CF

ossicul/o
ossicle

A

ossiculoplasty-surgical reconstruction of the ossicular chain…ossicle is a very small bone in the middle ear

otic- pertaining to the ear

otomycosis-abnormal condition of a fungal ear infection, a superficial mycotic infection of the outer ear canal

otopyorrhea-purulent discharge from a perforation of an eardrum

otolaryngologist-ENT

42
Q

CF

salping/o
eustachian tube, auditory tube

A

salpingopharyngeal-pertaining to the eustachian tube and pharynx

43
Q

CF

staped/o
stapes (third bone of the middle ear)

A

stapedectomy-surgical removal of the stapes in order to improve hearing

44
Q

CF

tympan/o
eardrum, tympanic membrane

A

temoanoplasty-surgical reconstruction of the bones of the middle ear with reconnection of the eardrum to the oval window

45
Q

CF

vestibul/o
vestibule

A

vestibulaocochlear-(8th cranial nerve) transmits sound & balance from the inner ear to the brain

46
Q

Suffix

-acusis or -cusis
hearing

A

hyperacusis-abnormally acute sensitivity to sounds

presbycusis-condition of deafness that occurs with aging

47
Q

Suffix

-meter
instrument to measure

A

audiometer-instrument to measure hearing acuity

48
Q

Suffix

-otia
ear condition

A

marcrotia- abnormally large ears; congenital anomaly

Medical Terminology (9 decks)

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