Chapter 17: Health, Wellness, and Illness Flashcards
Health
a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (ailment). Affected by everything they interact with.
Health Behaviors
the actions people take to understand their health state, maintain an optimal state of health, prevent illness and injury, and reach their maximum physical and mental potential.
Health Beliefs
concepts about health that an individual believes are true
Health Status
state of health of an individual at a given time
Lifestyle
a person’s general way of living, including living conditions and individual patterns of behavior that are influenced by sociocultural factors and personal characteristics.
Risk Factors
practices that have potentially negative effects on health
Well-being
a subjective perception of vitality and feeling well…can be described objectively, experienced, and measured…and can be plotted on a continuum.
Wellness
a state of well-being
7 Components of Wellness by Anspaugh, Hamrick, and Rosato
PHYSICAL, SOCIAL, EMOTIONAL, INTELLECTUAL, SPIRITUAL, OCCUPATIONAL, and ENVIRONMENTAL
Clinical Model
Narrowest interpretation of health. The state of not being “sick”. Focused on the relief of signs and symptoms of disease and elimination of malfunction and pain. When no longer present, health is restored.
Role Performance Model
Health defined in terms of the individual’s ability to fulfill societal roles. Sickness is the inability to perform one’s work role.
Adaptive Model
Aim of treatment is to restore the ability of the person to adapt, that is, to cope. Extreme good health is flexible adaptation to the environment and interaction with the environment to maximum advantage. The person as an adaptive system.
Eudemonistic Model
Health is seen as a condition of actualization or realization of a person’s potential. Illness prevents self-actualization (Maslow).
Agent-Host-Environment Model (Ecologic Model)
used primarily in predicting illness rather than in promoting wellness. When the 3 variables are not in balance, disease occurs.
Health-Illness Continua
used to measure a person’s perceived level of wellness. There is no distinct boundary across which people move from health to illness or from illness back to health.
Dunn’s High-Level Wellness Grid: 4 Quadrants
HIGH-LEVEL WELLNESS in a FAVORABLE environment, EMERGENT HIGH-LEVEL WELLNESS in an UNFAVORABLE environment, PROTECTED POOR HEALTH in a FAVORABLE environment, and POOR HEALTH in an UNFAVORABLE environment
Illness-Wellness Continuum (Travis)
ranges from high-level wellness to premature death. To the right, increasing levels of health and well-being. 3 steps: AWARENESS, EDUCATION, and GROWTH.
The 4+ Model of Wellness
consists of the 4 domains of the inner self–PHYSICAL, SPIRITUAL, EMOTIONAL, and INTELLECTUAL – plus elements of outer systems (environment, culture, nutrition, safety, etc.)
Genetic Makeup Influences
biologic characteristics, innate temperature, activity level, and intellectual potential.
Genomics
How genetics interacts with the environment and other personal factors in influencing health
Prolonged Emotional Distress
may increase susceptibility to organic disease or precipitate it.
Self-concept
how a person feels about self (self-esteem) and perceives the physical self (body image), needs, roles, and abilities. It affects how people view and handle situations.
