chapter 17 flash cards

Question 1

Enclosure

Answer 1

Movement in England to fence in fields to farm more efficiently, causing poor peasants to have to move out of agriculture

Question 2

Proletarianization

Answer 2

Transformation of high numbers of peasants farmers to landless wage owners

Question 3

Cottage Industry

Answer 3

Manufacturing of goods in rural workers home to be sold on the market

Question 4

Putting-Out System

Answer 4

Rural Industry where merchant loaned raw materials to a cottage worker who processed them into a good, to be given back to the merchant

Question 5

Industrious Revolution

Answer 5

Shift that occurred in north western Europe where families focused on earning a wage instead of producing for themselves

Question 6

Guild System

Answer 6

Organization of artisan production into Guilds, where each guild would have a monopoly in the market

Question 7

Economic Liberalism

Answer 7

Belief that free trade and competition would benefit all individuals, based on the arguments of Adam Smith

Question 8

Navigation Acts

Answer 8

English laws that controlled the import of goods to Britain and British colonies

Question 9

Treaty of Paris

Answer 9

Treaty that ended the Seven Years’ War in Europe and the colonies in 1763

Question 10

Debt Peonage

Answer 10

Form of serfdom that allowed for perpetual debt for the serf as a result of forcing goods onto them

Question 11

Atlantic Slave Trade

Answer 11

Force migration of Africans to the Americans for slave labor on plantations; involved more than 12 million Africans