Chapter 15 flash cards
Peace of Westphalia (p. 466)
the name of a series of treaties that concluded the thirty years war in 1648 and marked the end of large scale religious violence in Europe
Fronde (p.470)
a series of violent uprising during the early reign of louis xiv triggered by growing royal control and increased taxation
mercantilism (p.474)
a system of regulations aimed at increasing the power of the state based on the belief that a nations international power was based on its wealth, specifically its supply of gold and silver.
Peace of Utrecht (p.476)
A series of treaties, from 1713 to 1715, that ended the war of the Spanish succession, ended French expansion in Europe, and marked the rise of the British empire
Junkers (p.480)
the nobility of Brandenburg and Prussia, they were reluctant allies of Frederick William in his consolidation of the Prussian state
Boyars (p.482)
the highest ranking members of the Russian nobility
Cossacks (p. 483)
free groups and outlaw armies originally comprising runaway peasants living on the borders of Russian territory from the 14th century onward.
Sultan (p.489)
the ruler of the ottoman empire; he owned all the agricultural land of the empire and was served by an army and bureaucracy composed of highly trained slaves.
Janissary Corps (p.489)
the core of sultans army, composed of slave conscripts from non Muslim parts of the empire; after 1683 it became a volunteer force
Millet System (p.489
a system used by the ottomans whereby subjects were divided into religious communities, with each millet enjoying autonomous self government under its religious leaders
Constitutionalism (p.489)
a form of government in which power is limited by law and balanced between the authority and power of the government, on the one hand, and the rights and liberties of the subjects or citizens on the other hand; could include constitutional monarchies or republics
Republicanism (p.490)
a form of government in which there is no monarch and power rests in the hands of the people as exercised through elected representatives
Puritans(p. 490)
members of a 16th -17th century reform movement within the church of England that advocated purifying it of roman catholic elements, like bishops, elaborate ceremonials and wedding rings
Protectorate (p.492)
the English military dictatorship established by Oliver Cromwell following the execution of Charles 1 (1653- 1658)
Test Act (p.493)
legislation, passed by the English parliament in 1673, to secure the position of the Anglican church by stripping puritans, Catholics and other dissenters of the right to vote, preach assemble, hold public office, and teach at or attend the universities
