Chapter 17- Blood Flashcards
Purpose of the heart
Propel blood and maintain blood pressure
Contentment’s of cardiovascular system
The heart
Blood Vessles
Blood
What are the three blood vessels?
Arteries
Capillaries
Veins
What is the purpose of blood Vessles?
Distribute blood around body
Purpose of arteries
Carry blood AWAY from heart into capillaries
Purpose of capillaries
Permit diffusion between blood and interstitial fluid
Purpose of veins
Return blood to capillaries of heart
Purpose/functions of blood
Transport Regulate ph and ion concentration in interstitial fluid Restrict fluid losses at injury sight Defend Stabilize body temp
What is whole blood
Blood composition that has not been altered
Properties of while blood
38C (100.4F)
Blood 5x thicker than water
Blood pH 7.35-7.45
What makes up whole blood
55% plasma
45% formed elements
What is plasma
Liquid matrix
What are formed elements?
Cells and cell fragments
What are the components of plasma?
Plasma proteins
Solutes
Water
What are the components of formed elements?
Platelets
White Blood Cells
Red Blood Cells
Difference between plasma and interstitial fluid
Levels of O and CO2
Concentration of dissolved proteins
Define hematocrit
% of formed elements in sample of whole blood
Composition of plasma proteins in plasma
7% Made up of : albumins Globulins Fibrinogen Enzymes and hormone
Describe albumins
60% of plasma proteins
Contribute to osmotic pressure
Describe globulins
35% of plasma proteins
Made up of antibodies and transport globulins
Describe antibodies
Attach Disease
Describe transport globulins
They bind small ions, hormones, lipids, and other compounds
Function of fibrinogen
Fibrin in this makes up framework for clotting
3 other solutes in plasma
Electrolytes
Organic nutrients
Organic waste
What makes up most of plasma?
Water
What are platelets
Membrane bound cells that have enzymes that help with clotting
5 types of white blood cells
Neutrophils Eosinophils Basophils Lymphocytes Monocytes
Define hemopoiesis
Process of developing formed elements in red bone marrows
Define hemocytoblasts
Cells formed from hemapoietic stem cells that form lymphoid stem cells and myeloid stem cells
Describe lymphoid stem cells
Produce lymphocytes
Migrate to thymus, spleen, and lymphnodes
Produced in lymphoid organs and red bone marrow
Describe myeloid stem cells
Stem cells that form other formed elements aside from lymphocytes
Describe megakaryocytes
Big cell with large nuclei.
Sheds cytoplasm to form platelets
Describe EPO
Erythropoietin
Released into plasma when low O levels and due to
1 anemia, blood flow to kidneys decrease, o2 content decrease in lungs, damaged lungs
