chapter 17 Flashcards
What’s psychotherapy?
therapy through psychological techniques
What are electric therapists?
use different kinds of therapies
What are the 2 components of psychodynamic theory?
psychoanalysis and brief psychodynamic therapy
What is free association?
sit behind client and tell them to say anything
What is resistance?
defensive mechanism against therapy, sign of sensitive topic
What is transference?
client responds irrationally to the analyst as if they were an important figure from client’s past
What does brief psychodynamic therapy focus on?
life problems rather than rebuilding personality
What does inter-personal therapy focus on?
marital conflict, loss or social skills
What does humanistic therapy focus on?
future and present (not past)
What are the 2 types of humanistic therapy?
client-centered therapy and gestalt therapy
What kind of a relationship is made in client-centered therapy?
one to foster self-exploration
What is a Rogerian?
refer to person as client not a patient
What are the therapist attributes in client-centered therapy?
unconditional positive regard, empathy and genuineness
What is unconditional positive regard?
trust, acceptance, non-judgement
Who’s the pioneer of client-centered therapy?
Carl Rogers
Who’s the pioneer of gestalt therapy?
Perls
What is empty-chair technique?
imagine mom sitting in chair and talk to her
What does gestalt therapy involve and how is it done?
role play and in groups
What does cognitive therapy focus on?
present not past
What’s the ABCD model?
Activating event
Belief system
Consequences of that appraisal
Distributing the erroneous belief system
What’s Ellis’ Rational-Emotive Therapy?
people make unrealistic demands of themselves, Ellis disagrees that events cause emotions
What is fear in Ellis’ rational-emotive therapy?
result of you thinking unreasonable thoughts of yourself
What is Beck’s cognitive therapy?
helps depressed people realize their thoughts not their situation makes them depressed
What’s Meichenbaum’s self-instructional training?
treats stress and coping
What are the 3 classical conditioning treatments for behaviour therapy?
Exposure, aversion therapy, systematic desensitization
What does exposure assume?
phobias are learned,
What does exposure use?
flooding (actual exposure) and implosion therapy (imagined exposure)
What is aversion therapy?
pair unwanted behaviour with a bad USC
What is systematic desensitization?
use counterconditioning to make patient associate CS with relocation instead of fear
What’s in vivo desensitization?
using real life scenes for systematic desensitization
What are the 2 operant conditioning treatments for behaviour therapy?
positive reinforcement and punishment
What does operant conditioning work well for?
schizophrenia, disturbed children, mental retardation
What does long term hospitalization do to a schizophrenic person?
results in loss of job social, personal-care and job skills
How is positive reinforcement enforced?
token economy
What kind of behaviours is punishment used for?
self destructive behaviours of autistic children (requires consent)
What are the 2 third wave cognitive therapies?
acceptance and commitment therapy, dialectical behaviour therapy
What is the acceptance component of the acceptance and commitment theory?
teach people notice and accept their thoughts snd feelings, even if they’re bad
What is the commitment component of the acceptance and commitment theory?
examine one’s life and set goals for what’s important, committing to achieve them
What is dialectical behaviour theory used to treat?
borderline personality disorder
Why do women have more mental health problems?
poverty, lack of opportunity, multiple roles, violence/abuse,
What do psychoanalysts believe about recovery?
wouldn’t happen without therapy
What’s the dodo bird verdict?
all therapies appear to be equally effective
What are the 3 factors that influence outcome?
techniques, quality of relationship and client variables
What’s the dose-response effect listed under technique?
relationship between amount of treatment and outcome
What are anti-anxiety drugs?
reduce anxiety without disturbing alertness
What happens when anti-anxiety drugs stop being taken?
symptoms returns
What is common to people who take anti-mania drugs?
they miss the high of mania
When is relapse common with anti depression drugs?
when drugs are taken alone instead of with therapy
What are tricyclics?
antidepressant that prevents reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin
What is clomipramine?
tricyclic used for OCD, depression
What are monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors?
antidepressant used with more severe side effects
What are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)?
antidepressants with milder side effects
What’s another word for antipsychotic drugs?
major tranquilizers
How do antipsychotic drugs work?
decreasing dopamine
What do antipsychotic drugs have a risk of causing?
tardive dyskinesia- uncontrollable face/tongue movements, limbs may fail, irreversible
What is clozaril?
doesn’t cause duskiness and reduces both positive and negative symptoms
What is electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)?
someone noticed schizophrenia and epilepsy never together, so induced seizures to treat schizophrenia
Is ECT useful?
not for anxiety disorders or schizophrenia but works for depression
What is psychosurgery?
remove brain tissue to change disordered behaviour, in absence of obvious organic damage
What is cingulotomy?
cuts bundle near corpus callosum (cingulum bundle)
What does cingulotomy treat?
depression, OCD (can cause seizure, irreversible)
What’s a deinstitutionalization movement?
transfer focus of treatment from mental institutions to the community as a whole
What is the revolving door phenomenon?
if community unprepared results in repeated hospitalizations and homelessness for mental health patients
What is a situation focused prevention?
reduce environmental causes disorders and enhance factors that prevent them
What does situation focussed prevention reduce and increase?
reduce- unemployment, discrimination, poverty
increase- education, family functioning, sense of connection to community
What is competency focussed prevention?
increase personal resources and coping skills
What does competency focussed prevention increase?
stress resistance, social and vocational competencies, self esteem
