Chapter 17-4 Flashcards
Innate fear definition:
Evolutionary adaptive fear responses to threatening natural stimuli
Learned fear definition:
The establishment of a fear response to a previously neutral stimulus/context
Curio et al.’s mobbing response::
Demonstrator sees owl, invokes an innate fear response
Observer learns fear response from demonstrator
Describe the study that states ‘Crows never forget a face’:
Crows mob and ‘scold’ masks associated with dead crows and/or stressful handling
- Activity in brain region analogous to amygdala when viewing stressful faces, but not faces of caretakers
Rhesus macaques learned to fear ____ but not ____, leading to the theory of selective learning:
snakes, flowers
Conditioned fear in lab rodents:
- Cued fear conditioning
- Contextual fear conditioning
- Conditioned defensive burying
Non-conditioned fear in lab rodents:
- Predator avoidance
- Open area avoidance
- Bright area avoidance
Cued fear conditioning (Sound + shock) results:
CS (sound) + US (shock) -> UR
CS -> CR (freezing)
Conditioned defensive burying test & results:
- Bury shocking object in bedding
- When mouse buries in bedding, gets shocked
- Learn to avoid burying in bedding, test of anxiety
Amygdala and fear conditioning:
- Amygdala lesions block fear conditioning
Role of amygdala in fear conditioning:
- Responsible for adding emotional significance to another stimulus
- Projects to brainstem regions that control emotional behaviour
Where does information about the conditioned stimulus and unconditioned stimulus converge?
- Lateral amygdala
- Basal amygdala
Parts of the amygdala and their roles in fear conditioning:
Lateral amygdala: Sensory inputs/modulation
Basal amygdala: Integration
Central amygdala: Output
Bilateral hippocampal lesions before & after conditioning:
Before training: Prevents conditioning
After training: Blocks retention of conditioning
Interaction between hippocampus and lateral amygdala:
Hippocampus informs lateral amygdala about the context of the fear-related event
