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Chemistry 1130 > Chapter 17 > Flashcards

Chapter 17 Flashcards

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0
Q

Amide

A

-NH2 , -NHR, or -NR2 bonded to a carbonyl
> No smell
> do not act as bases (don’t accept H+)

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1
Q

Esters

A

Carbonyl with a -OR bond
>colorless, volatile liquids, pleasant smells
> form 4 hydrogen bonds

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2
Q

Carboxylic acid + alcohol —»

A

Ester + water

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3
Q

Carboxylic acid + amine —-»

A

Amide + water

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4
Q

Carboxylic acid has..

A 
The highest boiling point of all functional groups 
> can form 5 hydrogen bonds
>highly polar    > pka 3-6
> very water soluble 
> awful smells 
> weak acids
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5
Q

Boiling point order of functional groups

A 
Highest-lowest:
>Carboxylic acid
>alcohols
>aldehydes 
>alkanes 
(more carbons than hydrogen bonds)
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6
Q

Formic acid (monocarboxylic)

A

1C

HCOOH; in ant stings

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7
Q

Acetic acid (monocarboxylic)

A

2C

CH3COOH; vinegar

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8
Q

Propionic acid (monocarboxylic)

A

3C

CH3CH2COOH; sour taste in yogurt, preservative in bread

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9
Q

Butyric acid (monocarboxylic)

A

4C

CH3CH2CH2COOH; odor of rancid butter

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10
Q

Oxalic acid (dicarboxylic acid)

A

2C

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11
Q

Malonic acid (dicarboxylic acid)

A

3C

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12
Q

Succinic acid (dicarboxylic acid)

A

4C

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13
Q

Gultaric acid (dicarboxylic acid)

A

5C

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14
Q

Polyfunctional groups

A

> alkene: unsaturated acids
alcohol:hydroxy acids
ketone: keto acids
Amine: animo acids

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15
Q

Substituent groups

A

> alcohol: -hydroxy-
ketone/aldehyde: -oxo-
amine: -amino-
ether: -alkoxy

16
Q

Carboxylic acid + Amine —»

A

Amide+ water

17
Q

Cyclic Amide

A

Lactam

18
Q

Benzoic acid

A

Preservative in soda

19
Q

Citric acid

A

Present in citrus fruits & sodas

20
Q

Carboxylate ion

A

Negative Ion informed from the acid

21
Q

Acetic acid—> acetate ion (common name) or….

A

Ethanoic acid—> ethanoate ion

22
Q

Carboxylic acids react with

A

Strong bases to produce a Carboxylic acid salt

23
Q

Carboxylic acid can exist on two forms:

A

> Carboxylate ion in an base (high pH & water solubility)
Carboxylic acid form in an acid ( low pH & water solubility)
-form depends on pH

24
Q

Saponification

A

Ester hydrolysis by reaction with a base such as NaOH or KOH

Product of reaction is carboxylate anion

25
Q

Addition of phosphate to a biomolecule …

A

Adds negative charge to biomolecule

Chemistry 1130 (14 decks)

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