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History 2 > Chapter 16 (Paintings/Book) > Flashcards

Chapter 16 (Paintings/Book) Flashcards

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1
Q

When did the high renaissance occur

A

Late 15th early 16th century

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2
Q

What did the French do Politically

A

Invaded northern Italy and sacked Milan

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3
Q

What happened to the Medici

A

They were expelled from florence

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4
Q

Who is one of the most prominent ambitious popes of high renaissance

A

Julius 2nd, he was a humanist

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5
Q

Why did they incorporate the circle and sphere in a lot of things design

A

Because like the Greeks they saw it as the perfect shape

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6
Q

Who was Julius 2nd’s successor

A

Leo X

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7
Q

What artists dominated the high renaissance era

A

Leonardo, Bramante, Michelangelo, Raphael, Giorgione, and Titian

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8
Q

Who led the main developments in Venice

A

Titian and Bellini

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9
Q

Who succeeded Alberti as the universal renaissance man

A

Leonardo da Vinci

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10
Q

Who did Leonardo influence

A

Bramante, Michelangelo, and Raphael

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11
Q

Did da Vinci make a large amount of paintings?

A

No, he made a small amount

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12
Q

What is an important architectural factor that preoccupied high renaissance artists

A

The centrally planned church building

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13
Q

Like the Greeks, what shape did they believe to be perfect

A

The circle/sphere

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14
Q

What shape are churches that are “centralized”

A

Greek cross

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15
Q

Who did Alberti follow in ideology

A

Vitruvius, relating architecture harmony to human symmetry

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16
Q

What did Vitruvius believe temples should follow

A

They should follow a symmetrical form

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17
Q

Who originally came up with the Vitruvian man? What does it depict?

A

Vitruvius. It depicts a man within a circle and square extending his limbs and fitting perfectly in it.

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18
Q

Who popularized the vitruvian man drawing

A

Leonardo da Vinci

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19
Q

How did Leonardo write

A

From right to left, in a mirrored way

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20
Q

What medium is the Vitruvian man in

A

Pen and ink

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21
Q

Who got influenced by Leonardo’s Vitruvian man

A

Bramante

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22
Q

Where did Bramante move to after Milan got sacked

A

Rome

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23
Q

What is Bramante’s tempietto and where is it located

A

It is a small martyriam that is on where saint Peter was crucified

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24
Q

How many columns are in the tempietto

A

16 exterior columns. They support a brieze and balustrade. The top part is a drum supported by a ribbed dome

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25
Q

How big was the tempietto

A

Relatively small, only a few people can enter at once

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26
Q

Who commissioned the tempietto

A

King Ferdinand and queen isabella

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27
Q

What was in the tempietto’s cella

A

A single altar

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28
Q

What painting of Raphael’s shows centrally planned buildings

A

Betrothal of a virgin

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29
Q

Who commissioned betrothal of a Virgin

A

Saint Joseph chapel

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30
Q

Where is the vanishing point in the betrothal of the virgin

A

Right above the ring

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31
Q

What was the betrothal of a virgin’s medium

A

Oil on wood

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32
Q

Who became romes leading architect and mentored Raphael

A

Bramante

33
Q

What did Julius 2nd decide to rebuild

A

The basilica of St. Peter’s

34
Q

Who did Julius 2nd commission first for the basilica

A

Bramante

35
Q

When did Julius 2nd die compared to laying the basilica foundations

A

7 years after the foundation was set. Bramante also died soon after

36
Q

How long was the basilica

A

167m long

37
Q

Who succeeded Bramante after his death on the basilica

A

Raphael

38
Q

After Raphael died who became the new architect of the basilica

A

Michelangelo

39
Q

What did Michelangelo do to Bramantes design

A

He simplified it and it finished faster.

40
Q

After Michelangelo died who finished the construction on the church

A

Maderno

41
Q

What shape did moderno set for the basilica

A

He added a nave to form a Latin cross

42
Q

What does Leonardo’s embryo in a womb show

A

An anatomical drawing of a child in stillbirth. It shows the child with the umbilical cord attached to him.

43
Q

What does Leonardo’s embryo in a womb tell us

A

It tells us that he has a large interest in anatomy and discovering scientific explanations

44
Q

What systems did Leonardo also study

A

Digestive, reproductive, and respiratory

45
Q

What is Leonardo’s greatest work of art

A

The last supper

46
Q

Where is the last supper located

A

On a short wall in Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan

47
Q

What was opposite of the last supper

A

A fresco of Christs crucifixion

48
Q

What level is the last supper on

A

Above the viewers eye

49
Q

What does the painting portray

A

Jesus with his apostles on a table eating, moments before he announces one of them will betray him.

50
Q

What is unique about Judas

A

He has a shadow on half his face, symbolizing that he is the traitor.

51
Q

Where is the halo on Jesus in the last supper

A

The architectural curve acts as the hall

52
Q

How is the holy trinity symbolized

A

The apostles are in 4 groups of 3, Jesus makes a triangle with his hands, and there are three windows behind him.

53
Q

What is the last supper’s medium

A

Fresco, oil+tempura

54
Q

What does Leonardo’s Madonna and child With st.anne look like

A

It shows madonna with saint anne holding baby Jesus. Baby Jesus is grabbing a lamb signifying his sacrifice. They are in a meadow with hills behind them. The horizon line is above all their heads.

55
Q

What are important aspects of Leonardo’s paintings

A

Nature and geometry

56
Q

What does the Mona Lisa incorporate

A

It shows how he incorporates nature, architecture, human form, and geometry.

57
Q

Who does the Mona Lisa depict

A

The wife of Francesco del giocondo

58
Q

What technique does the Mona Lisa use to give a hazy effect

A

A sfumato, and it is made to shift your eyes between landscape and her

59
Q

What does Leonardo compare in the Mona Lisa

A

Flesh to the soil, bones to rocks, and blood to waterways

60
Q

How was Venice built

A

It was build on water, in a marsh and most things are held stable by large wooden columns

61
Q

How did Venice grow to be so large

A

They couldn’t be invaded since the water is too shallow for ships

62
Q

How did venice effect painters

A

It was hard for them to make frescos

63
Q

How did Venetian artists receive their training

A

Through family workshops

64
Q

What is one of the most successful family workshops on Venice

A

The Bellini family

65
Q

Who did the balleni families sister marry

A

Mantegna

66
Q

Who developed high renaissance art in Venice

A

Giovanni Bellini

67
Q

What is the first surviving example of a sacra conversazion

A

The San giobble altar piece

68
Q

What were Venetian artists mainly interested in

A

Landscape portraits

69
Q

How is titians Venus of urbni different than the sleeping Venus

A

She is awake, she seems to be looking at the viewer in a seductive manner. We can see two servants in the background taking out garments from a chest.

70
Q

How is Michelangelo’s David different

A

It shows David with a ready but also relaxed pose, his hands seem to be those of an adult signifying that he killed Goliath with them or will. He is also standing against a branch which is a reference to Greek statues.

71
Q

What does Michelangelo’s Pieta look like

A

It shows Mary holding a wounded Jesus. His form matches the drapes and form of her clothes.

72
Q

What ceiling did Michelangelo famously paint

A

He painted the Sistine chapel

73
Q

What is the order of the Sistine chapel paintings

A

In reverse chronological order from where you walk in

74
Q

What does Michelangelo’s creation of Adam depict

A

Tod stretching out his finger to Adam while Adam does the same. Adams finger is limp which symbolizes that he hasn’t been given life yet.

75
Q

What does Michelangelo’s last judgement show

A

It is separated into three parts, the top being heaven, the middle being earth and the bottom being hell. It shows Jesus and Mary in the middle with light coming off of them. Bottom right is a nod to Greek mythology with the river styx, Charon, and Minos

76
Q

Where is Raphael’s school of Athens set

A

The figures are in an incomplete st peters.

77
Q

What type of painting is Raphael’s school of Athens

A

A fresco

78
Q

What does Raphael’s Madonna of the meadow show

A

Mary with baby Jesus and an angel giving him a cross

History 2 (34 decks)

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