Chapter 16: Giving Birth: Stages of Labor

Question 1

Average duration for multipara in active phase (and dilation)

Answer 1

6-7 hours (dilation averages 1.5 cm/hour)

Question 2

Cervical dilation for transition phase

Answer 2

7-10 cm

Question 3

In this stage and/or phase of labor, the mother is happy and excited for the baby.

Answer 3

first/latent

Question 4

Forces: uterine contractions

Answer 4

first and third stages

Question 5

Discomfort: In the __________ stage, discomfort varies; some women have afterpains

Answer 5

fourth

Question 6

The first two hours of the fourth stage are most significant due to this risk

Answer 6

postpartum hemorrhage

Question 7

Average duration of nullipara in second stage

Answer 7

50 minutes

Question 8

Active phase: uterine contractions are every _____________ lasting ____________ with ____________ to ____________ intensity.

Answer 8

2-3 minutes, 40-60 seconds, moderate, strong

Question 9

Latent phase: uterine contractions are every ________ lasting __________ with _______________ to _____________ intensity.

Answer 9

5 minutes, 30-40 seconds, mild and infrequent, moderate

Question 10

Forces: uterine contraction to control bleeding from placental site

Answer 10

fourth stage

Question 11

Cervical dilation in active phase

Answer 11

4-6 cm

Question 12

Cervical dilation for second stage

Answer 12

10 cm (fully dilated)

Question 13

Average duration for multipara in transition phase

Answer 13

0-30 minutes

Question 14

Transition phase: uterine contractions are every _____________ lasting ____________ with ___________ intensity.

Answer 14

1.5-2 minutes, 60-90 seconds, strong

Question 15

Average duration for nullipara and multipara in fourth stage

Answer 15

1-4 hours

Question 16

Work accomplished: expulsion of fetus

Answer 16

second stage

Question 17

The postpartum period lasts up to _____________

Answer 17

6 weeks

Question 18

If the third stage lasts longer than 30 minutes, consider the possibility of this

Answer 18

retained placenta

Question 19

Discomfort: In the __________ stage, the woman has the urge to push or bear down with contractions, which becomes stronger as fetus descends; distention of vagina and vulva may cause a stretching or splitting sensation

Answer 19

second

Question 20

Forces: uterine contractions and voluntary bearing-down efforts

Answer 20

second stage

Question 21

Cervical dilation in latent phase

Answer 21

0-3 cm

Question 22

Maternal behaviors: In the ____________ stage, the mother has intense concentration and is often oblivious to surroundings and appears to doze between contractions.

Answer 22

second

Question 23

Average duration of multipara in second stage

Answer 23

20 minutes

Question 24

Discomfort: The _________ stage often begins with a low backache and sensations similar to those of menstrual cramps; back discomfort gradually sweeps to lower abdomen in a girdle like fashion; discomfort intensifies as labor progresses

Answer 24

first

Question 25

In this stage and/or phase, the mother begins to “labor down”

Answer 25

second

Question 26

Maternal behaviors: In the ___________ stage, the mother is tired but may find it difficult to rest because of excitement

Answer 26

fourth

Question 27

Average duration for nullipara in transition phase

Answer 27

approximately 3.5 hours

Question 28

Average duration for multipara in latent phase

Answer 28

approximately 4-5.5 hours

Question 29

Work accomplished: effacement and dilation of cervix

Answer 29

first stage

Question 30

Maternal behaviors: In the __________ stage, the mother is sociable, excited, and somewhat anxious during early labor; becomes more inwardly focused as labor intensifies; may lose control at end

Answer 30

first

Question 31

Third and fourth stages: uterine contractions are _________ contracted.

Answer 31

firmly

Question 32

Average duration for nullipara in active phase (and dilation)

Answer 32

8-10 hours
(dilation averages 1.2 cm per hour)

Question 33

In this stage and/or phase, the mother may be vomiting and/or shaking

Answer 33

first/transition

Question 34

Maternal behaviors: In the __________ stage, the mother is excited and relieved, usually very tired, often cries

Answer 34

third

Question 35

Work accomplished: physical recovery and bonding with newborn

Answer 35

fourth stage

Question 36

This stage and/or phase is the best time to orient the mother to her room, obtain consents, place IVs, draw blood, and perform teachings.

Answer 36

first/latent

Question 37

In this stage and/or phase of labor, the woman has a more serious attitude.

Answer 37

first/active

Question 38

Discomfort: In the _________ stage, little discomfort is felt; sometimes slight cramp is felt

Answer 38

third

Question 39

Average duration for nullipara and multipara in third stage

Answer 39

5-10 minutes

Question 40

Average duration of nullipara in latent phase

Answer 40

approximately 7.5-8.5 hours

Question 41

Work accomplished: separation (and delivery) of placenta

Answer 41

third stage

Question 42

Second stage: uterine contractions are every ____________ lasting ____________.

Answer 42

2-3 minutes, 40-60 seconds