Chapter 1.6

Question 1

List the Hierarchy of Complexity

Answer 1

Large to small:

Organism is composed of organ systems

Organ systems composed of organs

Organs composed of tissues

Tissues composed of cells

Cells composed of organelles

Organelles composed of molecules

Molecules composed of atoms

Question 2

Define Organism

Answer 2

A single, complete individual

Question 3

Define Organ System

Answer 3

human body made of 11 organ systems

Question 4

Define Organ

Answer 4

structure composed of two of more tissue types that work together to carry out a particular function

Question 5

Define Tissue

Answer 5

a mass of similar cells and cell products that form discrete region of an organ and performs a specific function

Question 6

Define cells

Answer 6

the smallest unit of an organism that carry out all the basic function of life

Question 7

Define Organelles

Answer 7

microscopic structures in a cell that carry out its individual functions

Question 8

Define Molecules

Answer 8

make up organelles and other cellular components. Macromolecules are proteins, carbohydrates, fats and DNA

Question 9

Define Atoms

Answer 9

the smallest particles with unique chemical identities

Question 10

What is Reductionism?

Answer 10

Theory that a large, complex system such as the human body can be understood by studying its simpler components.

Question 11

What is Holism?

Answer 11

There are “emergent properties” of the whole organism that cannot be predicted from the properties of the separate parts.

Eg - humans are more than the sum of their parts. this is complementary theory to reductionism.