Chapter 16 Flashcards
Scientific method
Thinking things through and not making assumptions
Scientific Revolution
When people began using experimentation and math to solve world mysteries
Rationalism
Using logic for every decision made
Geocentric v.s. Heliocentric
Geocentric = the earth is the center of the universe
Heliocentric = the sun is the center of the universe
Ptolemy
Founded the geocentric theory (he was WRONG)
Copernicus
Founded the heliocentric theory (he was CORRECT)
Galileo
Observed space with the telescopes that he made
Kepler
Proved that a heliocentric universe was correct (using math and models)
Newton
Father of Physics. Mastered the ideas of gravity
Vesalius
He studied the human body and how it worked
Francis Bacon
Believed in the scientific theory, and DID NOT like making assumptions
Age of exploration
When countries sent people out to explore new countries
Reasons for British exploration of North America
Wealth, power, resources
Triangle trade
- Cotton, goods, weapons, and liquor were shipped from Britain to Africa
- Slaves are shipped from Africa to America
- America ships some of its goods produced by slaves to Britain
Middle passage
The shipment of slaves across the Atlantic Ocean
Free trade
The idea that the gov’t. Shouldn’t interfere with international trades.
Mercantilism
Belief that a countries gov’t. Should do everything in its power to increase the countries wealth
Improvements to navigation
The invention of the compass, better maps, and knowing the earth is round
Colonies
All powerful countries wanted colonies because it meant more power and supplies
Colombian exchange
Products, plants, animals, and disease traveled from the western hemisphere to the eastern hemisphere
Columbus
Explored the new world for Spain
Vespucci
He found North America and gave it its name
Magellan
First explorer to sail around the world
Cortes
Conquered the Aztecs
Prince Henry
Pushed for Portuguese exploration
Phillip the 2nd
Spanish ruler who controlled the gov’t. With an iron fist
