Chapter 16 Flashcards
Exorcism
involving incantations and prayers said over the individual’s body by a priest/religious figure
Trephining
a hole was made in the skull to release spirits from the
body. This often lead to death
Asylums
the first institutions created for the specific purpose of housing people with
psychological disorders
1954
antipsychotic medications were introduced
1975
Mental Retardation Facilities & Community Mental Health Centers Construction Act
Deinstitutionalization
the closing of large asylums, by providing for people to stay in their communities and be treated locally
Involuntary treatment
therapy that is not the individuals choice
Voluntary treatment
the person chooses to attend therapy to obtain relief from
symptoms.
Sources of psychological treatment
community mental health centers, private or
community practitioners, school counselors, school psychologists or school social workers, group therapy
Psychodynamic
psychotherapy
Talk therapy based on belief
that the unconscious and
childhood conflicts impact
behavior
Play therapy
Psychoanalytical therapy
wherein interaction with toys is used instead of talk; used in child therapy
Behavior therapy
Principles of learning applied
to change undesirable
behaviors
Cognitive therapy
Awareness of cognitive
process helps patients
eliminate thought patterns that lead to distress
Cognitive-behavioral therapy
Work to change cognitive
distortions and self-defeating
behaviors
Humanistic therapy
Increase self-awareness and
acceptance through focus on
conscious thoughts
Free Association
Patient relaxes and then says whatever comes to mind at the moment.
Transference
patient transfers all the positive or negative emotions associated with their
other relationships to the psychoanalyst
Aversive conditioning
uses an unpleasant stimulus to stop an undesirable behavior
Systematic desensitization
type of exposure therapy wherein a calm and pleasant
state is gradually associated with increasing levels of anxiety-inducing stimuli
Rational-Emotive Therapy (RET)
one of the first forms of cognitive-behavioral therapy,
founded by Albert Ellis
Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)
works to change cognitive distortions and self-
defeating behaviors. (Aims to change both how people think and how they act)
Non-directive therapy
therapist does not give advice or provide interpretations but
helps client identify conflicts and understand feelings
Atypical antipsychotics
treat the negative symptoms of schizophrenia such as
withdrawal and apathy, by targeting both dopamine and serotonin receptors
Electroconvulsive therapy
induces seizures to help alleviate severe depression
Psycho-educational groups
groups with a strong educational component. E.g., group for children whose parents have cancer which
teaches them about cancer
Holistic treatment
addresses multiple needs, not just the drug addiction, due to psychological, physiological, behavioral, and social aspect of abuse
