Chapter 15- The Cold War Begins Flashcards
Liberated
released from social constraints: freed from traditional socially imposed constraints, such as those arising from sexual or ageist stereotyping
Yalta
A city of southeast Ukraine in the southern Crimea on the Black Sea. A popular resort, it was the site of an Allied conference. Franklin D. Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, and Joseph Stalin attended in February 1945.
Equipment
necessary items like tools, clothing, or other items needed for a purpose
Cold War
state of enmity without hostilities: a relationship between two people or groups that is unfriendly or hostile but does not involve actual fighting or military combat
Potsdam
A city of northeast Germany on the Havel River near Berlin. The city was the site of the Potsdam Conference at which American, British, and Soviet leaders drew up preliminary plans for the postwar administration of Germany and assigned various captured territories to Poland.
Satellite nations
The satellite nations are the regions between Germany and russia that were formed with the assistance of the UN after the end of WWII. Stalin and the communist Soviet Union took these
Iron curtain
an impenetrable barrier to understanding, awareness, or agreement
George Kennan
United States diplomat who recommended a policy of containment in dealing with Soviet aggression
Long telegram
sent by George Kennan from the United States Embassy in Moscow to Washington, where it was received on February 22nd 1946. The telegram was prompted by US enquiries about Soviet behaviour, especially with regards to their refusal to join the newly created World Bank and International Monetary Fund. In his text, Kennan outlined Soviet belief and practice and proposed the policy of ‘containment’, making the Telegram a key document in the history of the Cold War. The name ‘long’ derives from the telegram’s 8000 word length.
Containment
The action of keeping so,etching under control
Insecurity
Uncertainty or anxiety about oneself.
Marshall plan
U.S. postwar aid program: a program of loans and other economic assistance provided by the U.S. government between 1947 and 1952 to help western European nations rebuild after World War II
NATO
international military alliance: an international organization established in 1949 to promote mutual defense and collective security that was the primary Western alliance during the Cold War.
Limited war
war not aiming for total defeat: a war in which it is not the objective of the participants to defeat or destroy the enemy totally, especially a war in which nuclear weapons are available but are not used
SEATO
The Southeast Asia treaty organization. Signed defense with Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, the Philippians, and Australia.
Red scare
a period of general fear of communists and a sudden mass fear and anxiety over anticipated events, such as the stock market
Subversion
To undermine the authority of a higher power
Loyalty review program
Loyalty programs are structured marketing efforts that reward, and therefore encourage, loyal buying behavior, which is potentially beneficial to the firm
Manipulate
Means to handle or to control
Alger hiss
A diplomat who had served in Roosevelt’s administration, attended the yalta conference, and taken part in organizing the UN.
Perjury
Lying under oath
McCarran act
part of a legislative package that was designated as the Internal Security Act of 1950. Congress passed such statutes in response to the post-World War II Cold War during which many public officials perceived a threat of violent and forcible over-throw of the U.S. government by U.S. Communist groups that advocated this objective. Among other things, the legislation required members of the Communist party to register with the attorney general, and the named organizations had to provide certain information, such as lists of their members. It established the Subversive Activities Control Board to determine which individuals and organizations had to comply with the law and the procedures to be followed. Failure to satisfy the statutory requirements subjected the individual or organization to criminal prosecution and stiff fines.
McCarthyism
The practice of publicly accusing somebody, especially somebody in government or the media, of subversive or Communist activities or sympathies, especially without real evidence to substantiate the
unfair accusation or investigation of people
Censure
To express severe disapproval