Chapter 12

Question 1

Polio

Answer 1

A dreaded and paralyzing disease. There’s no cure for it. It eats away your ability to use your muscles.

Question 2

New deal

Answer 2

Roosevelt’s policies for ending the depression

Question 3

Apparent

Answer 3

Clearly visible or understood. Obvious

Question 4

Gold standard

Answer 4

A monetary standard under which the basic unit of currency is equal in value to and exchangeable for a specified amount of gold.

Question 5

Bank holidays

Answer 5

A day on which banks are legally closed

Question 6

Ideology

Answer 6

A system of ideas and ideals, esp. one that forms the basis of economic or political policy

Question 7

Hundred days

Answer 7

The Hundred Days, sometimes known as the Hundred Days of Napoleon or Napoleon’s Hundred Days

Question 8

Fireside chats

Answer 8

Direct talks where Roosevelt let the American people know what he was trying to accomplish.

Question 9

Fundamental

Answer 9

forming a necessary base or core

Question 10

Civilian conservation corps

Answer 10

a public work relief program that operated from 1933 to 1943 in the United States for unemployed, unmarried men from relief families, ages from18 to 25

Question 11

Deficit spending

Answer 11

Government spending in excess of revenue. funds raised by borrowing rather than from taxation.

Question 12

American liberty league

Answer 12

American political organization formed in 1934 by conservative democrats to oppose the new deal of Roosevelt.

Question 13

Benefits

Answer 13

An advantage or profit made from something

Question 14

Works progress administration

Answer 14

the largest and most ambitious New Deal agency which employed millions of unemployed people

Question 15

Financed

Answer 15

Management of large amounts of money

Question 16

Thereby

Answer 16

Means as a result of

Question 17

National labor relations board

Answer 17

an independent agency of the United States government charged with mediating disputes between management and labor unions

Question 18

Binding arbitration

Answer 18

The process by which the parties to a dispute submit their differences to the judgment of an impartial person or group appointed by mutual consent or statutory provision.

Question 19

Sit down strike

Answer 19

a strike where workers refuse to leave their place of employment until a settlement is reached

Question 20

Congress of industrial organizations

Answer 20

a federation of industrial unions formed in 1935. It united with the AFL in 1955 to form the AFL-CIO

Question 21

Social security act

Answer 21

In the United States, Social Security refers to the federal Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program.[1] The original Social Security Act[2] (1935) and the current version of the Act, as amended[3] encompass several social welfare and social insurance programs. The larger and better known programs are:

Federal Old-Age (Retirement), Survivors, and Disability Insurance
Unemployment benefits
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families
Health Insurance for Aged and Disabled (Medicare)
Grants to States for Medical Assistance Programs (Medicaid)
State Children’s Health Insurance Program (SCHIP)
Supplemental Security Income (SSI)

Question 22

France’s Perkins

Answer 22

the U.S. Secretary of Labor from 1933 to 1945

Question 23

Court packing

Answer 23

a legislative initiative proposed by U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt to add more justices to the U.S. Supreme Court. Roosevelt’s purpose was to obtain favorable rulings regarding New Deal legislation that had been previously ruled unconstitutional.

Question 24

Henry morgenthau

Answer 24

American banker, diplomat, and philanthropist. He emigrated to the United States as a boy. Later, he practiced law in New York City and built up a large fortune in real estate speculation and banking

Question 25

John Maynard Keynes

Answer 25

Was a British economist whose ideas, called Keynesian economics, had a major impact on modern economic and political theory as well as on many governments’ fiscal policies. He advocated interventionist government policy, by which the government would use fiscal and monetary measures to mitigate the adverse effects of economic recessions, depressions and booms.

Question 26

Mediate

Answer 26

To intervene between people in an argument

Question 27

Broker state

Answer 27

an agent who buys or sells for a principal on a commission basis without having title to the property.

Question 28

Safety net

Answer 28

A guarantee, as of professional, physical, or financial security