Chapter 15: Terrestrial Ecosystems and Biodiversity

Question 1

what are the 4 ecosystem services?

Answer 1

-Provisioning
-Regualting
-Supporting
-Cultural

Question 2

Define ecosystem

Answer 2

a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment

Question 3

5 types of terrestrial ecosystem

Answer 3

1.Forest
2.Savanna
3.Grassland
4.Desert
5.Tundra

Question 4

What is Biodiversity

Answer 4

Diversity within and among species and ecosystems

Question 5

Why is Biodiversity important?

Answer 5

-More biodiverse communities are more productive
-An ecosystem that has more biodiversity and more redundant species is better able to adapt to change and avoid collapse

Question 6

What is redundancy?

Answer 6

insurance against loss of ecosystem function

Question 7

4 measures of biodiversity

Answer 7

-abundance: number of a species
-richness: number of different species
-distribution
-genetic diversity

Question 8

5 Direct drivers of biodiversity loss

Answer 8

-Land-use change (for agriculture, forestry, urbanization)
-pollution
-exploitation of organisms
-invasive species
-climate change

Question 9

5 indirect drivers of biodiversity loss

Answer 9

-population change
-socio-cultural factors
-political factors
-economic factors
-technology changes

Question 10

Four Solutions for biodiversity loss

Answer 10

-expand protected areas
-reforestation
-cash for conservation
-apply socioecological systems perspective: Human well-being, equity and must be part of solving environmental challenge as people and environment are connected