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Dr. Murrahs class > Chapter 15: Odontogenic Cysts and Tumors > Flashcards

Chapter 15: Odontogenic Cysts and Tumors Flashcards

1
Q
A

dentigerous cyst

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2
Q

what is the radiographic presentation of dentigerous cysts?

A
  • unilocular radiolucency associated with the crown of unerupted tooth
  • well-defined and usually sclerotic border
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3
Q

describe the basal cell carcinomas that characterize nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome

A
  • appear around puberty
  • on skin not exposed to sunlight
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4
Q

what is the recurrence of odontogenic keratocysts?

A

30%, which may happen 10+ years after surgery (long-term follow up is required)

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5
Q

calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor is also called ___

A

pindborg tumor

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6
Q

odontogenic keratocysts are a type of ___ cyst

A

odontogenic

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7
Q
A

dentigerous cyst

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8
Q

gingival cysts of the adult are derived from ___

A

rests of the dental lamina (rests of serres)

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9
Q

___ is involved in 1/3 of odontogenic keratocyst cases

A

an unerupted tooth

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10
Q

patients with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome usually do not have ___

A

life threatening anomolies

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11
Q

eruption cysts are a type of ___ cyst

A

odontogenic

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12
Q

what is the most common location of odontogenic keratocysts? what direction do they tend to grow?

A

posterior mandible, in an anterior-posterior direction

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13
Q

WHO has reclassified odontogenic keratocysts as ___

A

keratocystic odontogenic tumors

most clinicians still refer to it as odontogenic keratocysts

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14
Q

odontogenic tumors are tumors of ___ origin

A

odontogenic epithelial

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15
Q
A

dentigerous cyst

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16
Q

is a biopsy required for the diagnosis of odontogenic keratocysts?

A

yes

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17
Q
A

dentigerous cyst

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18
Q

nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome is a system complex characterized by what 4 things?

A
  • multiple basal cell carcinomas
  • odontogenic keratocysts
  • calcification of the falx cerebri
  • rib anomolies (splayed or bifid ribs)
  • many others
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19
Q

describe the chromosome and gene involved in nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome

A
  • chromosome 9
  • PTCH gene
    • this gene abnormality has been detected in odontogenic keratocysts, which is why WHO wanted to change the name to represent a cystic neoplasm rather than a cyst
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20
Q

dentigerous cysts are most frequently found in patients of what age?

A

10-30

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21
Q

what location are orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts more common?

A

posterior mandible

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22
Q
A

Orthokeratinized Odontogenic Cyst

The basal epithelial layer does not demonstrate palisading. Keratohyaline granules are present, and a thick layer of orthokeratin is seen on the luminal surface.

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23
Q

what are the 4 types of odontogenic ectomesenchyme tumors?

A
  • central odontogenic fibroma
  • peripheral odontogenic fibroma
  • odontogenic myxoma
  • cementoblastoma
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24
Q

gingival cysts of the adult have a striking predilection to occur in what location?

A

mandibular canine/premolar area

located on the facial gingiva or alveolar mucosa

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25
what age patient is often affected by orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts? male to female ratio?
* young adults * M:F 2:1
26
what are orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts?
odontogenic cysts with orthokeratinized lining and NO basal palisading \*remember\* odontogenic keratocysts have parakeratin and a palisaded basal layer
27
what is the clinical presentation of gingival cysts of the adult?
painless, dome-like swellings which are less than 5mm may be blue in color
28
Orthokeratinized Odontogenic Cyst A large cyst involving a horizontally impacted lower third molar
29
dentigerous cyst
30
what are the 5 types of odontogenic tumors?
* ameloblastoma * ameloblastic carcinoma * malignant ameloblastoma * adenomatoid odontogenic tumor * calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor
31
what is an eruption hematoma?
occurs when an eruption cyst is subjected to surface trauma, resulting in the blood to accumulate in the cystic fluid, which imparts a blue or purple color
32
do odontogenic keratocysts cause bone expansion?
no
33
what are the two most important things to remember about odontogenic keratocysts?
1. 30% recurrence rate 2. associated with a syndrome
34
eruption cyst
35
why do dentigerous cysts need to be removed?
* they can grown to considerable size, expand bone, and cause facial asymmetry, but they usually do not * also to rule out other cysts
36
calcifying odontogenic cysts are a type of ___ cyst
odontogenic
37
nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome characterized by: * multiple basal cell carcinomas (top) * bifid ribs (LL) * calcification of falx cerebri (LR)
38
\_\_\_ is the soft tissue analogue of the dentigerous cyst
eruption cyst
39
\_\_\_ is the most common developmental cyst
dentigerous cyst
40
what is the treatment and recurrence of orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts?
rarely recur after enucleation with currettage (around 2% recur)
41
do odontogenic keratocysts resorb roots of adjacent teeth?
no
42
eruption cyst
43
odontogenic keratocyst (this radiograph cannot be distinguished from lateral periodontal cyst)
44
what is the histopathology of odontogenic keratocysts?
* thin, friable wall (makes complete removal difficult) * epithelial lining is a uniform 6-8 layers thick * basal cell layer shows palisading and is hyperchromatic * epithelium is surfaced by wavy or "corrugated" parakeratin * may have small satellite cysts away from the primary lesion - "daughter cysts"
45
\_\_\_ appears as a soft, translucent swelling in the gingival mucosa overlying the crown of an erupting tooth
eruption cyst
46
what is the treatment for dentigerous cysts? what about for larger cysts?
* enucleation of the cyst together with the unerupted tooth * larger ones may be treated by marsupialization
47
what is the radiographic presentation of orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts?
* typically unilocular * usually appear as a dentigerous cyst around a 3rd molar
48
what is the treatment of gingival cysts of the adult?
surgical excision is sufficient
49
what is the inheritance of nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome?
autosomal dominant
50
odontogenic keratocysts arise from \_\_\_
cell rests of the dental lamina
51
how are most odontogenic keratocyst lesions treated?
enucleation and currettage
52
lateral periodontal cysts are a type of ___ cyst
odontogenic
53
are dentigerous cysts symptomatic or asymptomatic?
asymptomatic and discovered on routine xray
54
eruption cysts develop as the result of a separation of the ___ from \_\_\_, and occurs within the soft tissues of the overlying alveolar bone
dental follicle from around the crown of an erupting tooth
55
what is the treatment of an eruption cyst?
* may not be required * cyst usually ruptures spontaneously * if this doesn't occur, excision of the roof of the cyst permits eruption of the tooth
56
in patients with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome, varying degrees of ___ may result from operations for multiple odontogenic keratocysts
jaw deformity
57
what is the prognosis of someone with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome?
depends on the behavior of the skin tumors
58
glandular odontogenic cysts are a type of ___ cyst
odontogenic
59
gingival cysts of the adult are a type of ___ cyst
odontogenic
60
odontogenic keratocyst notice it's a larger, multilocular lesion
61
orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts are a type of ___ cyst
odontogenic
62
gingival cyst of the adult notice it is (kind of) in the mandibular canine/premolar area
63
\_\_\_ develops by accumulation of fluid between the reduced enamel epithelium and the tooth crown
dentigerous cyst
64
buccal bifurcation cysts are a type of ___ cyst
odontogenic
65
what is the prevalence of nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome?
1:60,000
66
dentigerous cysts are a type of ___ cyst
odontogenic
67
dentigerous cyst
68
describe the odontogenic keratocysts that are characteristic of nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome
* one of the most constant features of the syndrome * frequently multiple
69
odontogenic keratocyst (cannot be differentiated from a dentigerous cyst in this radiograph)
70
Orthokeratinized Odontogenic Cyst Small unilocular radiolucency associated with the impacted mandibular left third molar
71
what are the 5 types of mixed odontogenic tumors?
* ameloblastic fibroma * ameloblastic fibro-odontoma * ameloblastic fibrosarcoma * odontoma * odontogenic tumors
72
\_\_\_ is a cyst that originates by separation of the follicle around the crown of an unerupted tooth
dentigerous cyst
73
Odontogenic Keratocyst The epithelial lining is 6 to 8 cells thick, with a hyperchromatic and palisaded basal cell layer. Note the corrugated parakeratotic surface.
74
dentierous cysts enclose the ___ of the unerupted tooth and is attached at the \_\_\_
* crown * CEJ
75
dentigerous cysts most often involve what teeth? which teeth do they rarely involve?
* mandibular 3rd molars * rarely involve unerupted deciduous teeth
76
what is the prognosis and recurrence of dentigerous cysts?
prognosis is excellent and recurrence is rare
77
gingival cysts of the adult are most commonly found in what age patient?
40-50 years old
78
what is the radiographic presentation of odontogenic keratocysts (large vs small)?
* smaller lesions: well-defined, unilocular RL with corticated margins * larger lesions: multilocular
79
\_\_\_ represents the soft tissue counterpart of the lateral periodontal cyst
gingival cyst of the adult
80
if a patient \<20 years old has an odontogenic keratocyst, they should be further evaluated to rule out \_\_\_
gorlin syndrome
81
nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome is also called \_\_\_
gorlin syndrome
82
most odontogenic keratocyst cases are diagnosed between what ages?
10-40 years old
83
what age patient are eruption cysts usually seen in?
children \<10 years old

Dr. Murrahs class (17 decks)

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