Chapter 15 - Ocean Explorations Flashcards
Small or Wide-Area sampling? Taking biologic samples
Small-area sampling
Small or Wide-Area sampling? Mapping the ocean floor using sonar.
Wide-area sampling
Small or Wide-Area sampling? Testing water clarity.
Small-area sampling
Small or Wide-Area sampling? A satellite tracking warm-water currents.
Wide-area sampling
True or False? Most ancient sailors considered the ocean’s surface featureless except for islands.
True
True or False? Early explorers took great risks mainly because of a desire to learn more about the oceans.
False
True or False? Small-area sampling gives oceanographers the best overall understanding of the oceans.
False
What was the first development in underwater technologies?
Diving bell
What was the second development in underwater technologies?
Hard-hat diving
What was the third development in underwater technologies?
SCUBA
What was the fourth development in underwater technologies?
Deep Submergence Vehicle
True or False? The risks and expense of manned deep-water exploration must be balanced with the knowledge that will be gained.
True
What was a significant motivator for the Age of Exploration?
Trade and accumulation of wealth
Who was the first to circumnavigate the world?
Magellan
Who was inspired by the Psalms to make accurate wind and current charts, earning himself the nickname “Pathfinder of the Seas”?
Maury
The remains of the oldest-known boat were found in ______________.
Kuwait
The _______________ expedition covered three oceans and lasted four years.
Challenger
A ____________________ collects water at various depths.
Niskin bottle
A ______________ measures water clarity.
Secchi disk
A ___________________ collects pelagic organisms.
Plankton net
A ___________________ collects benthic organisms.
Grab sampler
What does a sonar mimic?
A technique used by porpoises and bats.
What do modern divers not do to avoid decompression sickness?
They don’t wear special suits.
What was constructed by William Beebe and Otis Barton?
Bathysphere
What is an early type of deep-sea submersible?
bathyscaphe
What is a personal underwater breathing system?
SCUBA
What collects and transmits a variety of weather and sea data?
Buoy
True or False? A sounding will reveal the water’s temperature.
False
True or False? The Trieste was the first vessel to descend into Challenger Deep, the deepest point known in the oceans.
True
True or False? An oceanographer may fulfill the Creation Mandate by studying fish life cycles and populations to help sustain fisheries.
True
