Chapter 13 - Oceans and Seas Flashcards
What ocean basin region is the Challenger Deep associated with?
Trench
What underwater feature forms at the margins of divergent tectonic plates?
Mid-ocean ridge
What can reach up to 1100 atm in the Challenger Deep
Pressure
What is lowered by increasing water’s saltiness?
Melting/freezing point
What is 1.028 g/cm cubed at normal conditions?
Density
What is essential for using echolocation?
Speed of sound
True or False? The only substance dissolved in seawater is salt.
False
True or False? Sea level is the same elevation everywhere on Earth.
False
What area of the open ocean has relatively constant salinity and good water clarity?
Photic zone
What area of the ocean between the low tide mark and the edge of the continental shelf is home to benthic and pelagic organisms?
Littoral zone
Where do marine organisms must be very mobile or have a sturdy design and good grip on surfaces?
Intertidal zone
Which area contains only pelagic organisms?
Photic zone
Which two zones can light from the surface not reach?
Aphotic and abyssal zones
What are sometimes called the “rainforests of the sea”
Coral reefs
What forms when large waves first break and drop sand?
Longshore sandbar
What is a submerged mountain or hill rising from the sea floor?
Seamount
What is the height of the water at any particular time in a given location?
Local sea level
What is water that is safe to drink?
Potable
What is the shallow, submerged edges of a continent?
Continental shelf
What is the method of desalinating seawater to provide fresh water?
Distillation
What is the broad field that includes specialties such as marine biologists, marine engineers, marine chemists, and more?
Oceanography
What is an ability found in some sea creatures which man has used as a model in developing sonar?
Echolocation
What is a coral reef separated from the mainland by a lagoon?
Barrier reef
What is a computed average of all the high and low tide levels at a location?
Mean sea level
Which ocean covers the largest percentage of the earth’s surface?
Pacific Ocean
Which of these do young-earth creationists believe were most likely created by runoff from the continents late in the Flood?
Submarine canyons
How much mineral salt does 1000 g of seawater contain?
35 g
The deepest measured depth of the ocean is about ______________.
11,000 m (36,000 ft)
What is a reason that our lives do not depend on the existence of oceans?
The oceans produce nitrogen needed by humans
True or False? Minerals lower the salinity of seawater when they leave it by being obsorbed by organisms, clumping and falling to the bottom with sediment, or by precipitating when they become to concentrated to remain dissolved.
True
True or False? Through a process called nitrogen fixing, the nitrogen is converted to various organic forms of nitrogen that are useful to organisms.
True
True or False? Lakes are sections of the oceans that are more or less surrounded by land.
False
True or False? Because clams, corals, and anemones are attached to or live on the bottom, we call them abyssal organisms.
False
