Chapter 12 - Weathering, Erosion, and Soils

Question 1

Mechanical or Chemical? Exfoliation

Answer 1

Mechanical

Question 2

Mechanical or Chemical? Humic acid from decaying plants

Answer 2

Chemical

Question 3

Mechanical or Chemical? Carbonic acid from the atmosphere

Answer 3

Chemical

Question 4

Mechanical or Chemical? Talus

Answer 4

Mechanical

Question 5

What is the main agent of erosion or deposition? Moraines

Answer 5

Glaciers

Question 6

What is the main agent of erosion or deposition? Mass wasting

Answer 6

Gravity

Question 7

What is the main agent of erosion or deposition? Abrasion by sandblasting

Answer 7

Wind

Question 8

What is the main agent of erosion or deposition? Deltas

Answer 8

Water

Question 9

True or False? Turbulent water and air can carry more sediments than calmer water and air.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

What is a soil scientist?

Answer 10

Pedologist

Question 11

What are layers of soil called?

Answer 11

Horizons

Question 12

What is decayed, organic matter in soil called?

Answer 12

Humus

Question 13

True or False? It is possible that an area could have soil that is chemically unrelated to the native bedrock beneath it.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

True or False? Living things have little effect on the soil.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

True or False? Waves are always involved in mass wasting.

Answer 15

False

Question 16

True or False? Most of the sediment load in a stream is carried as suspended sediments.

Answer 16

True

Question 17

True or False? The formation of a delta is most closely related to the process of deposition.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

True or False? Loess deposits are thought to have been formed by the action of water.

Answer 18

False

Question 19

True or False? Any fertile soil must contain organic material.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

True or False? Deposition is a process whereby thin sheets or layers of rock flake off larger rocks, often shaping them into rounded outcropping boulders.

Answer 20

False

Question 21

True or False? A glacier is a large mass of ice consisting mostly of recrystallized snow that moves under the influence of gravity.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

True or False? A glacier can actually move uphill against gravity.

Answer 22

False

Question 23

True or False? Although a plant can contribute to mechanical weathering, it is unable to participate in chemical weathering.

Answer 23

False

Question 24

True or False? Christians can apply the Creation Mandate by practicing common methods of soil conservation.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

What are the thin banks of sediment formed on the bottom of lakes that are fed by glacial meltwater?

Answer 25

Varves

Question 26

What is the depression in the ground moraine that remains when a block of glacial ice melts?

Answer 26

Kettle

Question 27

What is formed when water chemically combines with carbon dioxide?

Answer 27

Carbonic acid

Question 28

What is sudden glacial movement?

Answer 28

Glacial surge

Question 29

What occurs when water enters a crack in a rock, expands as it freezes, and cracks the rock?

Answer 29

Frost wedging

Question 30

What is a type of mass wasting that slips just a short distance?

Answer 30

Slump

Question 31

What occurs when two or more glaciers merge and spread out onto a plain at the base of a mountain range?

Answer 31

Piedmont glacier

Question 32

What is a type of erosion caused by glaciers?

Answer 32

Plucking

Question 33

What are long, streamlined hills composed of unsorted glacial till?

Answer 33

Drumlines

Question 34

What is a valuable topsoil containing equal parts sand and silt with about half as much clay?

Answer 34

Loam