Chapter 11 - Fossils Flashcards
What kind of fossils are trilobites and trees that have turned to rock?
Petrified fossil
What kind of fossils are shells of marine animals found in sedimentary rock?
Original material
What kind of fossil is a dinosaur footprint?
Trace fossil
What kind of fossil is the animal-shaped voids found in pyroclastic tephra from the AD 79 eruption of Mt. Vesuvius?
Cast or mold
Creationist or Evolutionist? Living things should be compared and classified by genetic similarities, suggesting that very different living organisms are biologically related.
Evolutionist
Creationist or Evolutionist? There are no fossils that show a clear transition of one kind of animal to another.
Creationist
Creationist or Evolutionist? Fossils of feathered dinosaurs show the transition of dinosaurs to birds.
Evolutionist
Creationist or Evolutionist? Changes in fossils found in rock strata higher in the geologic column are related to how they were carried in moving water and buried in sediments.
Creationist
True or False? There were probably dinosaurs on the Ark that survived the Flood.
True
What kind of natural resource is organic sedimentary rock?
Coal
What kind of natural resource is thick, oily liquid?
Petroleum
What kind of natural resource is a mixture of hydrocarbon gases methane, ethane, and propane?
Natural gas
What kind of natural resource is the only fossil fuel that is not a fluid?
Coal
True or False? Most scientists agree that petroleum and natural gas came from fossilized marine plants called phytoplankton.
True
What kind of fossils seem to appear reliably in the proper geologic sequence and are used by secular geologists to determine the age of rock strata?
Index fossils
What is the process by which petrified wood forms?
Replacement
What are any remains or trace of a formerly living thing preserved by natural processes?
Fossil
What are fossils showing organisms that are in the process of evolving from one form to another?
Transitional forms
What is the study of fossils?
Paleontology
What is a fossilized track or burrow made by an animal?
Trace fossil
True or False? The hardest and cleanest burning coal is petroleum.
False
True or False? The main problem with using index fossils to determine the age of a rock layer is that scientists assign an age to the fossil on the basis of which layer it came from, then apply that same age to layers in other locations where the same index fossil occurs.
True
True or False? The major difference between the old- and young-earth view on how coal developed is the amount of time they believed the development of coal took.
True
True or False? A scientist’s worldview does not affect his classification of organisms because he can remain objective.
False
When the population of a species begins to shrink due to having more deaths than births in a generation, it is possibly heading toward ___________________.
Extinction
The earliest historical record of the use of any fossil fuel was around _________________.
1000 BC
A ____________________ is a large carnivore or scavenger.
Tyrannosaurus
An _________________ is a porpoise-like marine reptile.
Ichtyosaurus
An ____________________ is a squid-like animal with a coiled, chambered shell.
Ammonite
A ___________________ is a three-horned dinosaur.
Triceratops
A ____________________ is an “extinct” fossil fish that was found to be still alive.
Coelacanth
An _____________________ is said to be the link between reptiles and birds.
Archaeopteryx
A ____________________ is the possible identity of Job’s behemoth.
Brachiosaurus
A _____________________ is a small extinct marine invertebrate.
Trilobite
