Chapter 15 NCC Flashcards
neural crest cells are _______ derived cells unique to vertebrates
ectodermal
- adults don’t have NCC’s
As the original NCC’s begin to migrate away and divide, they appear to become progressively specified, losing _______ and moving towards a more defined fate
pluripotency
- become multipotent
What are the 4 regions of the NCC
1) cranial neural crest
2) cardiac neural crest
3) trunk neural crest
4) vagal and sacral neural crest
The head is largely the product of _______ cells
cranial neural crest
What NCC’s migrate to the 1st pharyngeal arch? (3)
1) Midbrain
2) Rhombomere 1
3) Rhombomere 2
What NCC’s migrate to the 2nd pharyngeal arch?
Rhombomere 4
What NCC’s migrate to the 3rd and 4th pharyngeal arch?
Rhombomeres 6-8
Caudal cardiac NCC’s generate the _______
endothelium of aortic arches
Cardiac NCC also enter pharyngeal arches 3 and 4 and become parts of the _______, _______, and _______ gland
thyroid
parathyroid
thymus
Cardiac NCC form the _______ that monitors blood oxygen levels
carotid body
What are the 2 major migratory pathways of trunk NCC’s?
1) ventral pathway
2) dorsolateral pathway
Trunk NCCs of the ventral pathway go through the anterior portion of each _______
sclerotome
- a specific somite that gives rise to bone or other skeletal tissue
Trunk NCC’s of the ventral pathway give rise to _______ neurons, _______ cells, and _______ cells
sensory and autonomic
adrenomedullary
schwann
Trunk NCCs of the dorsolateral pathway travel between _______ and ________
epidermis and dermis
Trunk NCC’s of the dorsolateral pathway give rise to _______
melanocytes
- skin and hair follicles
Initiation of migration:
1) _______ from the dorsal neural tube activate _______ genes
2) Combined action of TF above activates _______ and _______
3) _______ mediates cytoskeletal rearrangements
4) _______ mediates changes in cadherin expression
5) cells then begin to express _______ integrins that allows contact with ECM
1) BMP; wnt
2) RhoB; Snail2
3) RhoB
4) Snail2
5) α4β1
Direction of migration:
1) _______ between NCC allows cells to “crawl” forward away from others
2) follow specifically constructed _______ roads
3) ECM differs between the _______ and _______ of each sclerotome
1) contact inhibition
2) ECM
3) anterior and posterior
_______ and _______ blocks migration of Trunk NCC in the ventral pathway
Ephrin
Semaphorin-3F
- blocks NCC migration in posterior sclerotome
_______ and _______ NCC form the enteric ganglia of the gut controlling intestinal peristalsis
Vagal
Sacral
_______ enter the foregut and cover most of the digestive tube
Vagal NCC
_______ enter the hindgut
Sacral NCC
Both Vagral and Sacral NCC are attracted by _______, which binds to a surface receptor _______ on the Vagal and Sacral NCC as they migrate away
Glial-derived neurotrophic factor
Ret
_______ disease: Deficiencies in either GDNF or Ret lead to failure of NCC to innervate the gut properly, leaving a section of the intestines without the ability to perform peristalsis = intestines can not properly void solid wastes.
Hirschsprung
