Chapter 15: Metabolism

Question 1

Entire set of cellular metabolic reactions

Answer 1

Intermediary metabolism

Question 2

Metabolic pathways can be divided into two types:

Answer 2

Anabolic and Catabolic

Question 3

Anabolic

Answer 3

use ATP and reducing power to synthesize large biomolecules

Question 4

Catabolic

Answer 4

produce ATP and combust carbon fuels to synthesize ATP

Question 5

Amphibolic pathways can function…

Answer 5

Anabolically or catabolically (TCA can function as either depending on needs)

Question 6

ATP consists of..

Answer 6

Adenine, ribose and triphosphate units (Tri-P contains the energy)

Question 7

Hydrolysis of ATP is…

Answer 7

Exergonic (energy release)

Question 8

The triphosphate unit of ATP contains two…

Answer 8

Phosphoanhydride bonds that are unstable

Question 9

When phophoanhyride bonds are hydrolyzed,

Answer 9

They release a lot of energy for metabolic reactions and can assume a more stable state

Question 10

Energy released by ATP hydrolysis powers…

Answer 10

Cellular functions

Question 11

What is phosphoryl-transfer potential?

Answer 11

Standard free energy of hydrolysis - means of comparing the tendency of organic molecules to transfer a phosphoryl group to an acceptor molecule

Question 12

ATP has a high

Answer 12

Phosphoryl transfer potential to earn stability

Question 13

ATP turnover is very ____ and the amount of ATP is very ______.

Answer 13

High Limited

Question 14

ATP must be ____________ to provide energy to power the cell.

Answer 14

Constantly recycled *Cells use and generate ATP at the same time, very busy*

Question 15

How much ATP is needed for one day to survive?

Answer 15

Over 80lb of ATP

Question 16

ATP is an activated carrier of phosphoryl groups. Other activated carriers are often derived from…

Answer 16

Vitamins

Question 17

Activated carriers for electrons for fuel oxidation (used for ATP synthesis)

Answer 17

NADH (must be regenerated all the time) FADH2

Question 18

Most activated carriers are limiting because they derive from vitamins. Why?

Answer 18

We cannot synthesize vitamins but they are essential in our diets

Question 19

Activated carriers of electrons for reductive biosynthesis

Answer 19

NADPH (used for ATP)

Question 20

The reactive part of NAD+ is the _____ and synthesized from _____.

Answer 20

Nicotinamide Ring and synthesized from the vitamin niacin

Question 21

Nicotinamide Ring accepts ________ and ______ (NADH)

Answer 21

1 hydrogen ion and 2 electrons

Question 22

The reactive part of FAD is the ________ - derived from _______.

Answer 22

Isoalloxazine Ring - derived from vitamin riboflavin

Question 23

FAD accepts ______ and _______ (FADH2)

Answer 23

2 protons and 2 electrons

Question 24

NADP+ is the ________ for reduction biosyntheses.

Answer 24

Electron donor

Question 25

NADPH is used primarily for _________.

Answer 25

Reductive biosyntheses

Question 26

NADH is used for __________.

Answer 26

Generation of ATP