Chapter 15: Lung and Pleura Flashcards
Which of the following were originally thought to be desquamated pneumocytes?
a. eosinophils
b. monocytes
c. macrophages
d. lymphocytes
C
Which of the following are immature dendritic cells with grooved, indented nuclei and abundant cytoplasm
a. Langerhans cells
b. macrophages
c.
A
Which of the following is characterized radiologically by bilateral patchy asymmetric pulmonary opacifications
a. Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
b. Desquamative interstitial pneumonia
c. PLC histiocytes
d. Peribronchial fibrosis
A
Desquamative interstitial pneumonia: large collections of macrophages in the airspaces of a current or former smoker
Which is the most frequently mutated gene in surfactant dysfunction disorders?
a. serine kinase BRAF
b. threonine kinase BRAF
c. ATP-binding cassette protein number 3 (ABCA 3)
d. ATP-binding cassette protein number 5 (ABCA 5)
C
It is used for definitive diagnosis in embolism and infarction
a. D-dimer measurement
b. Computed tomographic pulmonary angiogram
c. Duplex ultrasonography
d. CXR
B
D-dimer measurement: screening test for stable patients
Duplex ultrasonography: for DVT
CXR: may be normal of show pulmonary infarct 12-36hrs post occurrence
Which of the following is the WHO classification of pulmonary hypertension characterized by pulmonary hypertension with unclear and/or multifactorial mechanisms
a. Grade 1
b. Grade 2
c. Grade 3
d. Grade 4
e. Grade 5
E
Group 1: pulmonary arterial hypertension
Group 2: pulmonary hypertension due to left heart failure
Group 3: pulmonary hypertension due to lung diseases and/or hypoxia
Group 4: chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension and other obstructions
Group 5: pulmonary hypertension with unclear and/or multifactorial mechanisms
Which of the following is the WHO classification of pulmonary hypertension is most commonly caused by recurrent thromboemboli
a. Grade 1
b. Grade 2
c. Grade 3
d. Grade 4
e. Grade 5
D
Group 1: Autoimmune diseases (systemic sclerosis)
Group 2: Antecedent congenital or acquired heart disease
Group 3: Chronic obstructive or interstitial lung diseases
Group 3: Obstructive sleep apnea
Group 4: Recurrent thromboemboli
Which is the first mutation discovered in familial pulmonary arterial HPN
a. serine kinase BRAF
b. threonine kinase BRAF
c. ATP-binding cassette protein number 3 (ABCA 3)
d. bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 (BMPR2)
D
Uncommon autoimmune disease wherein kidney and lung injury are caused by circulating autoantibodies against the non collagenous domain of the α3 chain of collagen IV
a. idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis
b. goodpasture syndrome
c. polyangiitis with granulomatosis
d. pneumonia
B
Which of the following is previously called “Wegener granumomatosis” that involves the URT and/or the lungs with important histologic features such as capillaritis and scattered, poorly formed granulomas
a. idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis
b. goodpasture syndrome
c. polyangiitis with granulomatosis
d. pneumonia
C
Which is the marker of inflammation that is elevated in bacterial and viral infection in community acquired pneumonia
a. procalcitonin
b. hemagglutinin
c. neuraminidase
d. calcitonin
A
hemagglutinin: attach the virus to its cellular target via sialic acid residues on surface polysaccharides
neuraminidase: facilitates the release of newly formed virions that are budding from infected cells by cleaving sialic acid residues
It has the strongest association to smoking]
a. squamous cell carcinoma
b. small cell carcinom
c. adenocarcinoma
d. carcinoids
B
Which of the following is characterized by finger like spherical polyploid masses found in the lumen of the bronchus composed of organoid, trabecular, pulsating ribbon like or rosette like arrangements of cells separated by fibrovascular stroma
a. benign tumorlets
b. carcinoids
c. small cell carcinoma
d. large cell nueroendocrine carcinoma of the lung
e. carcinoid tumors
E
options are neoplasms of neuroendocrine cells
Pneumonia partly chemical due to gastric acid
a. Aspiration Pneumonia
b. Hospital-acquired Pneumonia
c. Heath Care-Associated Pneumonia
d. Community-acquird Pneumonia
A
In metastatic tumors, the formation of multiple discrete nodules that commonly scatter at peripheral borders of the lobes of lungs are called
a. solitary nodules
b. “snowball” lesions
c. “cannonball” lesions
d. blastomycosis
C
