Chapter 11: Blood Vessels Flashcards
The main immunologic mechanisms underlying noninfectious vasculitis are the following, except:
a. Immune complex deposition
b. Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies
c. Anti-EC antibodies
d. Autoreactive T cells
e. Autoantibody production
E
Small vessel vasculitis include the following except:
a. microscopic polyangiitis
b. granulomatosis with polyangiitis
c. Churg-Strauss syndrome
d. Takayasu arteritis
D
Large vessel vasculitis:
1. granulomatous disease - giant cell arteritis, Takayasu arteritis
Medium vessel
1. Immune-complex mediated - polyarteritis nodosa
2. Anti-endothyelial cell antibodies - Kawasaki disease
Chronic, classically granulomatous inflammation of large-to small-sized arteries that principally affects arteries in the head
a. Temporal arteriris
b. Kawasaki disease
c. Churg-Strauss syndrome
d. Takayasu arteritis
e. Polyarteritis Nodosa
A also called Giant Cell arteritis, T-cell mediated
Characterized principally by ocular disturbances and marked by weakening of the pulses in the upper extremities which classically involves the aortic arch
a. Temporal arteriris
b. Kawasaki disease
c. Churg-Strauss syndrome
d. Takayasu arteritis
D
Systemic vasculitis of small- or medium-sized muscular arteries that typically affects renal and visceral vessels with segmental transmural necrotizing inflammation, often with superimposed aneurysms and/or thrombosis
a. Polyarteritis Nodosa
b. Kawasaki diseae
c. Granulomatosis wit Polyangiitis
d. Thromboangitis Obliterans
A
Acute, febrile, usually self-limited illness of infancy and childhood associated with large-to medium-sized vessel arteries
a. Temporal arteriris
b. Kawasaki disease
c. Churg-Strauss syndrome
d. Takayasu arteritis
B
Necrotizing or granulomatous vasculitis affecting small- to medium-sized vessels; focal necrotizing, often crescentic glomerulonephritis, was also previously called Wegener granulomatosis
a. Polyarteritis Nodosa
b. Kawasaki diseae
c. Granulomatosis wit Polyangiitis
d. Thromboangitis Obliterans
C
Segmental, thrombosing, acute and chronic inflammation of medium- and small-sized arteries leading to vascular insufficiency, thrmobus contain microabscesses
a. Polyarteritis Nodosa
b. Kawasaki diseae
c. Granulomatosis wit Polyangiitis
d. Thromboangitis Obliterans
D also called Buerger disease
Exaggerated vasoconstriction of arteries and arterioles in response to cold or emotions
a. Raynaud Phenomenon
b. Varicose veins
c. Thrombophlebitis
d. Phlebothrombosis
A
Primary - symmetrically affects extremities
Secondary - vascular insufficiency due to arterial disease caused by other entities
Spectrum of borderline vascular neoplasms
a. Glomus Tumor or Glomangioma
b. Bacillary Angiomtosis
c. Kaposi Sarcoma
d. Hemangioendothelioma
D
EPITHELIOD HEMANGIOENDOTHELIOMA - tumor of adults, medium- and large-sized veins
Acute inflammation caused by spread of bacterial infection into lympahtics; group A beta-hemolytic step (most common)
a. superior and inferior vena caval syndrome
b. lymphangitis
c. primary lymphedema
d. secondary lymphedema
B
Blockage of previously normal lymphatics
a. superior and inferior vena caval syndrome
b. lymphangitis
c. primary lymphedema
d. secondary lymphedema
D
PRIMARY - ISOLATED CONGENITAL DEFECT
Most common “birthmark”; light pink to deep purple flat lesion
a. Nevus flammeus
b. Port-wine stain
c. Spider telangiectasia
d. Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia
A
ectasia - common term for any local dilation of a structure
telangiectasia - permanent dilation of preexisting small vessels
Vascular neoplasm caused by human herpsvirus 8 (HHV8) that is most common in px with AIDS, classically represented by patches, red plaques, nodules
a. Glomus Tumor or Glomangioma
b. Bacillary Angiomtosis
c. Kaposi Sarcoma
d. Hemangioendothelioma
C
Autosomal dominant disorder - dilated capillaries and veins present at birth
a. Nevus flammeus
b. Port-wine stain
c. Spider telangiectasia
d. Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia
D
SPIDER TELANGIECTASIA - NONNEOPLASTIC VASCULAR MALFORMATION RESEMBLING A SPIDER