Chapter 15 Key Terms

Question 1

Autophagy

Answer 1

Mechanisms by which a cell “eats itself,” digesting molecules and organelles that are damaged or obsolete.

Question 2

Chaperone Protein

Answer 2

Molecules that steers proteins along productive folding pathways, helping them to fold correctly and preventing them from forming aggregates (or clusters) inside the cell.

Question 3

Clathrin

Answer 3

Protein that makes up the coat of a type of transport vesicle that buds from either the Golgi apparatus (on the outward secretory pathway) or from the plasma membrane (on the inward endocytic pathway)

Question 4

Coated Vesicle

Answer 4

Small membrane-enclosed sac that wears a distinctive layer of proteins on its cytosolic surface. It is formed by pinching-off a protein-coated region of cell membrane.

Question 5

Endocytosis

Answer 5

Process by which cells take in materials through invagination of the plasma membrane, which surrounds the ingested material in a membrane-enclosed vesicle.

Question 6

Endomembrane System

Answer 6

Interconnected network of membrane-enclosed organelles