Chapter 15: Basics of Behaviour Change and Health Psychology Flashcards
What is the key principle underlying the Stages of Change Model?
The notion behaviour change occurs in steps
What are the stages in the Stages of Change Model?
Stage 1: Pre-contemplation - people are not thinking about changing and are not interested in help
Stage 2: Contemplation - people contemplate the pros and cons of modifying their behaviour. It might take a few weeks to a lifetime to get through this stage
Stage 3: Preparation/determination - people make a commitment to change
Stage 4: Action/willpower - individuals believe they have the ability to change their behaviour. This stage generally lasts 6 months, but can be as short as one hour
Stage 5: Maintenance - the ability to successfully avoid a return to the bad habit
In addition to the five stages in the Stages of Change Model, what additional two stages should the personal trainer be aware of?
Relapse - a return to the bad habit
Transcendence - maintaining maintenance
Antecedents
Stimuli that precede the behaviour
Consequences
A result or effect of an action or condition
Shaping
The reinforcement of successive approximations until the desired goal is reached
Observational Learning
Individuals are influenced by how those around them behave
When should a personal trainer ask for help?
When the trainer finds herself in a situation where she has little or no first-hand experience. This can include circumstances such as:
- Clients with eating disorders
- Clients with low self-esteem
- Clients developing distorted thinking
- Negative change in client’s adherence or satisfaction with the program
- Unhealthy habits