Chapter 15: Alcohol Flashcards
what are the 2 types of alcohol?
- isopropyl = rubbing alcohol, toxic
2. ethyl = beers, wines, not toxic
How much alcohol % is in each?
- beer
- wine
- spirits/heard alcohol
- 3-6%
- 9-14%
- 35%
1 standard drink = __g of alcohol
13.6g
How much liquid is in each:
- beer
- wine
- spirits
- 12 oz
- 5oz
- 1.5oz
alcohol is __cals/g
1 drink is ___ cals
7, 100-120
how is alcohol absorbed by percentage?
stomach, intestines, gastral intestinal tract
stomach = 20%
intestines = 75%
gastral intestinal = 5%
How is alcohol metabolized?
it is mainly metabolized in the liver but can be converted into acetaldehyde and acetate to be used for energy. If it is not used immediately it can be converted into fat which is why so many people gain weight from alcohol
What is BAC and what does it depend on?
BAC = ratio of alcohol in the blood
depends on weight (less weight = high BAC), body fat percentage (more fat = high BAC), sex (females = higher BAC), rate of metabolism (heavy drinkers can metabolize alcohol faster= lower BAC)
what are the behavioural effects if your BAC is 0.15-0.30
slurred speech, pain and other sensory perceptions are impaired
T/F: alcohol is a depressant rather than a stimulant
true because it depresses the inhibitory centres in the brain
what is death from alcohol poisoning caused from
caused by the CNS and respiratory depression/inhaling fluid/vomit that has accumulated in the lungs
BAC continues to rise during sleep too which is why passing out can be dangerous
What is the impact of chronic alcohol abuse on the digestive system:
- the liver (explain fatty liver disease, alcohol hepatitis, cirrhosis)
- pancreas
- fatty liver disease = fat cell accumulation in the liver (goes away)
alcohol hepatitis = inflammation of the liver (goes away)
cirrhosis = destroyed liver cells, scar tissue in liver (cannot go away) - pancreatitis = inflammation of the pancreas which can occur after binge drinking; can be fatal or chronic
what is the impact of chronic alcohol abuse on the GI tract?
can become irritated after vomiting, irritation of the esophagus or stomach, bleeding can occur
what is the impact of chronic alcohol abuse on the cardiovascular system?
can increase risk of high blood pressure, stroke, heart attack, cardiomyopathy (mimics heart attacks)
How can alcohol result in:
- cancer
- brain damage
- mortality
- its a carcinogen
- shrinkage of brain, loss of matter, reduced blow flow, slowed metabolic rate
- cause death
alcohol contributes to __% of deaths and people with alcoholism live __ yrs less
alcohol contributes to 6% of deaths and people with alcoholism live 15 yrs less
reduce your long term health risks by drinking no more than:
__ drinks per week for women with no more than __ drinks per day
__ drinks per week for men with no more than __ drinks per day
10 drinks per week for women with no more than 2 drinks per day
15 drinks per week for men with no more than 3 drinks per day
What is alcohol use disorder? What is mild, moderate and severe AUD
when you constantly have a craving for alcohol and consume it in excessive amounts as a means to cope with problems. Without it you experience withdrawal and can also develop a tolerance
mild = 2/3 symptoms
moderate = 4-5
severe = 6+
what group in Canada is more at risk for alcohol use disorder. What percentage is considered heavy drinkers
indigenous people, 36%
- According to Harold R Johnson, there is __ safe limit of alcohol
- what is his goal surrounding limiting alcohol use ?
- no safe limit
2. alcohol used as a medicine, increase prices, change the narrative and alcohol should not be normal
T/F: binge drinking is more common in high school
__% of university students drink to be social or celebrate
__% agree it is acceptable to get drunk with friends
F: more common in university
92% of university students drink to be social or celebrate
75% agree it is acceptable to get drunk with friends
according to Canada’s Low-Risk Alcohol Drinking Guidelines, what are the 3 risks from drinking
- situations that are hazardous (e.g.,
women who are pregnant, teenagers, persons
on medication - increased long-term risk of serious diseases (e.g., liver disease, some cancers); and
- increased short-term risk of injury or acute illness due to the overconsumption of alcohol on a single occasion.
what are the 4 most common reasons for drinking among university students
- social
- celebrate
- relax
- to feel exhilarated or drunk
__% experienced peer pressure to drink
50
what programs and policies
did students suggest that could curb binge drinking on campuses?
- health promotion
- prevention and education
- campus services
- availability and
marketing - pricing of alcohol and community action
