Chapter 15

Question 1

Acetabularia

Answer 1

Algae

Question 2

Difference between DNA and RNA

Answer 2

DNA- A/G and C/T

RNA- U/C and A/G

DNA has one less oxygen

Question 3

Semi conservative replication

Answer 3

One strand is conserved and another is created

Question 4

Primase

Answer 4

RNA polymerase

Puts RNA primer on

Question 5

DNA Polymerase

Answer 5

Add to the 3’ end

Question 6

Ligase

Answer 6

Glues okazaki fragments together

Question 7

Replication only goes in what direction

Answer 7

5’ to 3’

Question 8

Leading strand

Answer 8

Goes towards replication fork

Question 9

Lagging strand

Answer 9

Elongates away from the fork

Question 10

What are okazaki fragments

Answer 10

Series of short fragments

100-200 nucleotides long

Question 11

Topoisomerase

Answer 11

Same as DNA gyrase

Question 12

Helicase

Answer 12

Rotates

Unwinds the double helix

Question 13

DNA gyrase

Answer 13

Relieves the torque

Question 14

DNA Polymerase 1

Answer 14

Erases primer and fills gaps

Question 15

DNA polymerase 3

Answer 15

Synthesizes DNA

Question 16

Steps of DNA replication

Answer 16

• opening up DNA double helix
• building primer
• assembling complementary strands
• removing primer
• join okazaki fragments together

Question 17

What is a nucleotide made of

Answer 17

Phosphate, sugar, base

Question 18

DNA polymerase 1

Answer 18

Breaks up RNA and replaces w DNA

Question 19

DNA Polymerase 3

Answer 19

Main enzymes
Proofreading
Ring shaped beta2 dimer

Question 20

Single stranded binding

Answer 20

Proteins keeps newly separated strands from sticking back together

Question 21

Betagalactosidase

Answer 21

Cute xgal and turns blue

Question 22

Amp r

Answer 22

Makes bacteria resilient to ampicillin