Chapter 15

Question 1

What are the 4 gestalt principles

Answer 1

Figure ground- figure is the part of visual field being attended to and ground is the background.
Closure- when we perceive an object being as a whole when it’s actually incomplete
Similarity- when individual parts of a stimulus are similar eg size, shape, colour
Proximity- when individual parts of a stimulus are close to each other

Question 2

2 Visual perceptual constancies and example of each

Answer 2

Size constancy- we maintain a constant perception of an objects size even though the object moves closer or further away. Eg when u see a friend in the distance you retina sees them as being small but because we are familiar with their height we don’t change out perception on it.
Shape constancy- objects are perceived to maintain its known shape despite changing. Eg when a door opens we know its rectangular even tho it’s a different shape from out point of view

Question 3

What is camouflage

Answer 3

When the figure and ground blend making it difficult to see and object.

Question 4

What is depth perception

Answer 4

The ability to accurately judge a 3D space a distance using curves in the environment

Question 5

2 Binocular depth cues

Answer 5

Retinal disparity- the two slightly different images obtained because of the distance between each eye
Converage- the autonomic turning of the eye inwards as we watch an object approaching .

Question 6

2 Monocular depth cues

Answer 6

Accomodation- the process where muscles in the eye change the lens to focus on an image on the retina
Pictorial depth cues

Question 7

What are the 5 pictorial depth cues

Answer 7

Linear perspective- parallel lines eg train lines
Interposition- partial overlapping or blocking of an object to make it look closer
Texture gradient- the texture fades out in the distance but we still know it’s the same texture
Relative size- larger object is closer compared to a smaller object that is further away
Height of visual field- objects further away are closer to the horizon eg object in the sky is further away

Question 8

Biological factors influencing taste perception

Answer 8

Genetics

Age- new born babies like sweet things then as we grow older we develop tolerance for more bitter things eg coffee beer

Question 9

Psychological factors affecting taste

Answer 9

Perceptual set- interpretation of taste

• selection of taste eg experience
• education/ culture

Food packaging

Question 10

What is the light spectrum

Answer 10

The range of light energy that a human eye can detect

Question 11

What is the range of wavelengths that the human eye can detect

Answer 11

360 to 760