Chapter 15 + 16 Budding and grafting techniques

Question 1

What advantages does budding have over grafting?

Answer 1

Budding makes very efficient use of scion wood, because only a single bud is needed to propagate a new tree. This efficiency reduces both the number of trees required to supply scion wood and the labor to maintain the trees and collect wood.

Question 2

Why has chip budding replaced T-budding in many places?

Answer 2

Chip budding works well in regions with shorter growing seasons. because of better takes and straighter, more uniform tree growth (15). Chip budding in late summer gives excellent results in budding grape cultivars on phylloxera or nematode-resistant rootstocks

Question 3

bark’s “slipping.

Answer 3

the con-dition in which the “bark” can be easily separated from the “wood” (xylem). Bark slippage denotes the period of the year when the plant is in active growth, when the cambium cells are actively dividing,

Question 4

crippling or lopping

Answer 4

Bending (constriction) or cutting halfway through the rootstock stem above the bud union. This technique helps to force out the bud and maintain growth of the budded plant. At a later date, the rootstock stem is completely removed.

Question 5

T-budding is also known as ____________ budding?

Answer 5

Shield Budding

Question 6

Why might an inverted “T” be used?

Answer 6

to allow the water or sap to drain;

Question 7

What are 5 elements of a successful graft?

Answer 7

1. The rootstock and scion must be compatible.
2. The vascular cambium of the scion must be placed in direct contact with that of the rootstock.
3. The grafting operation must be done at a time when the rootstock and scion are in the proper physiological stage.
4. Immediately after the grafting operation is completed, all cut surfaces must be protected from desiccation.
5. Proper care must be given to the grafts for a period of time after grafting.

Question 8

What is detached grafts?

Answer 8

detached scion graftage A type of graft used when a section of the shoot of the scion is removed and grafted to the apex or side of the rootstock. It is also used in grafting roots (root graftage).

Question 9

approach graftage

Answer 9

The root system of the scion and shoot system of the rootstock are not removed until after successful graft union formation occurs.

Question 10

Whip and tongue

Answer 10

zig zag type graft. good for grafting small sticks and roots.

Question 11

splice graft

Answer 11

1 diagonal slice.

Question 12

cleft graft

Answer 12

cleft is banged into a top of stump with a wedge. scions are place in before wedge is released.

Question 13

What is inarching?

Answer 13

Inarching is used to replace roots damaged by cultivation equipment, rodents, or disease. It can be used to very good advantage to save a valuable tree or improve its root system

Question 14

Success in grafting is:-
________________% preparation
________________% craftmanship
________________% aftercare

Answer 14

45 prep
10 craftmanship
45 after care

Question 15

What is micro grafting?

Answer 15

is an in vitro grafting technique which involves the placement of a meristem or shoot tip explant onto a decapitated rootstock that has been grown aseptically from seed or micropropagated cultures