chapter 15,16,17,18, & 19 Flashcards
the bodys “steady state” is known as
Homeostasis
The primary mechanisms that maintain homeostasis are
Heartbeat
blood pressure
temp.
respiratory rate
electrolyte balance
A normal temperature is
97.7 to 99.5 degrees F
respiration rate for an adult should be between ___ and ___ breaths per ______
12 and 20
Minute
respiration rate for a child should be between ___ and ___ breaths per minute.
20 to 30
an adult pulse should be
60 to 100 BPM
A child’s pulse should be
70 to 120 BPM
what is the top number or first beat of a blood pressure called
systolic
what is the bottom number or last beat heard on a blood pressure called?
Diastolic
A healthy blood pressure us
systolic (<) 120 mm Hg
diastolic (<) 80 mm Hg
what are the 3 common sites to find a pulse?
Radial
Brachial
Carotid
how long should you count when taking a pulse
1 min
what device gives us pulse and oxygen saturation?
Pulse oximeter
What happens to the diaphragm muscles during inspiration?
They get pushed down to allow lungs to expand
mm Hg stands for
millimeters of mercury
when taking a blood pressure, the cuff should be placed
over the brachial artery
above normal Blood pressure is
Hypertension
below normal blood pressure is
Hypotension
what color is associated with oxygen?
Green
how many chambers are in the heart?
4
what are the types of pathogens?
Bacteria
viruses
fungi
parasitic protozoa
what is the chain of infection?
- host
- infectious microorganism
- mode of transportation
- reservoir
what are some of the routes of transmission?
air
droplets
contact
vector vs fomite
exogenous or endogenous
a disease or infection acquired while in the hospital is called
nosocomial infections
the ____ technique is used to protect the patient from infection.
Aseptic
what are the 2 types of asepsis
surgical
medical
When a non sterile technique is used it is called
non-asepsis technique
______ ______ protect against infection before, during, and after surgery by using sterile technique.
Surgical Asepsis
