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252 Final > Chapter 15 > Flashcards

Chapter 15 Flashcards

1
Q

When should antiepileptic drugs be given

A

Before any other med

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2
Q

What is a seizure

A

Abnormal electrical activity in brain

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3
Q

What is a convulsion

A

Spastic contractions of muscles

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4
Q

What is epilepsy

A

Chronic pattern of seizures

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5
Q

What is difference between primary and secondary epilepsy

A

Primary: unknown cause
Secondary: known cause

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6
Q

What are febrile seizures

A

Occur in children 6months to 5 years caused by fever

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7
Q

What are tonic clonic seizures

A

The person convulses

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8
Q

What are atonic seizures

A

The person collapses

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9
Q

What are focal seizures

A

Person stares into space

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10
Q

What are the 3 stages of seizures

A

Prodrome: beginning
Ictal: middle
Post ictal: end

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11
Q

What is status epilepticus

A

Multiple seizures
Last more than 5 mins
Medical emergency

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12
Q

What is the drug of choice for treating status epilepticus

A

Diazepam

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13
Q

What to antiepileptic drugs do

A

Slow down nerve impulses
Increase GABA

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14
Q

Which anti epileptic drug is also used for neuropathic pain

A

Gabapentin

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15
Q

Long term therapy of phenytoin causes

A

Gingival hyperplasia

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16
Q

Should Dilantin be given during pregnancy

A

No causes spina bifida

17
Q

Do not give what with phenytoin

A

Warfarin, increases bleeding

18
Q

Carbamazepine increases metabolism of

A

Acetaminophen

19
Q

Valproic acid toxicity increases when given with

A

Aspirin

20
Q

Why do anti epileptic drugs need lab monitoring

A

Have narrow therapeutic index

21
Q

Most common adverse effect of phenobarbital and primidone is

A

Sedation

22
Q

What is the relationship between phenobarbital and primidone

A

The liver turns primidone into phenobarbital

23
Q

What med is used for febrile seizures

A

Phenobarbital or primidone

24
Q

Vitamin D is taken with which med to prevent osteoporosis

A

Phenytoin sodium

25
Q

If phenytoin sodium is given to fast it causes

A

Cardiac dysrhythmias and respiratory depression

26
Q

What med cannot be taken with grapefruit

A

Carbamazepine

27
Q

Which drug causes auto induction of hepatic enzymes (liver breaks down med faster and faster each time) dose has to be increased over time

A

Carbamazepine

28
Q

What drug is used for focal seizures

A

Ethosuximide

29
Q

What med is also used to treat bipolar disorder

A

Lamotrigine

30
Q

Lamotrigine causes DRESS side effect. What is it

A

Drug reaction with eosinophillia and systemic symptoms

31
Q

How can DRESS be avoided with Lamotrigine

A

Titrate over several weeks

32
Q

What med is safe during pregnancy

A

Lamotrigine

33
Q

Which med should not be taken with carbonated beverages

A

Valproic acid

34
Q

Which med has sleepiness as side effect

A

Levetiracetam

35
Q

Which med needs serum albumin levels checked before started

A

Phenytoin

252 Final (12 decks)

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