Chapter 14 Urinary System Anatomy/Diseases/Treatments

Question 1

Urinary System Main Purpose

Answer 1

Maintain health by filtering blood

Question 2

Kidneys

Answer 2

pair of soft organs-filters nitrogenous waste from body

Question 3

Hilium

Answer 3

where renal vein, nerves, and ureter join the kidney

Question 4

Ureter

Answer 4

Moves fluid from kidney to bladder through process called perstalsis

Question 5

3 Internal Regions of Kidney

Answer 5

1)Renal Pelvis-collects urine in center 2)Renal Medulla-lies external to pelvis 3) Renal Cortex- outermost

Question 6

Nephrons

Answer 6

Working subunit of each kidney (renal bowmans capsule and renal tubule)

Question 7

Bowman’s Capsule

Answer 7

hollow ball at the end of a tube or (nephron)

Question 8

Glomerulus

Answer 8

coiled capillary (ball) inside of Bowman’s Capsule-blood passes through during filtration

Question 9

Main purpose of kidneys

Answer 9

Filter blood and process urine into bladder

Question 10

Urinary Meatus

Answer 10

external opening of urethra

Question 11

Renal Pelvis

Answer 11

membrane-enclosed basin that collects urine in interior of kidney

Question 12

Renal Cortex

Answer 12

outer portion of interior of kidney

Question 13

Renal Medulla

Answer 13

Inner portion of interior of kidney

Question 14

Renal Corpuscle

Answer 14

composed of Bowman’s capsule and glomerulus

Question 15

Renal Tubule

Answer 15

long, twisting part of nephron

Question 16

Ureters

Answer 16

paired, narrow tubes that conduct urine from each kidney to bladder

Question 17

Urethra

Answer 17

tube that conveys urine from bladder to external

Question 18

Internal Urethral Sphincter

Answer 18

involuntary muscle-keeps urine from entering urethra while stored in bladder

Question 19

External Urethral Sphincter

Answer 19

voluntary muscle-prevents or allows urine to be released

Question 20

Urinary Bladder

Answer 20

holds urine-muscle sac in pelvic cavity

Question 21

Urine

Answer 21

yellowish liquid waste-95 % water, 5 % waste

Question 22

Enuresis

Answer 22

involuntary release of urine- bed-wetting

Question 23

Incontinence

Answer 23

involuntary discharge of urine (laugh/cough)

Question 24

Polycystic Kidney

Answer 24

Incurable genetic condition-presence of many fluid-filled cysts

Question 25

Urinary Retention

Answer 25

abnormal accumulation of urine in urinary bladder (enable to urinate)

Question 26

Urinary Suppression

Answer 26

Acute stoppage of urine formation by kidneys

Question 27

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

Answer 27

Infection in urinary organs (urethra and bladder); symptoms are fever, dysuria, abdominal pain

Question 28

Renal Failure

Answer 28

Loss of kidneys' abilities to respond to changing conditions of body (loss of balance in pH, electrolytes, body fluid)

Question 29

Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)

Answer 29

lab test-measures urea concentration in the blood to indicate kidney function

Question 30

Creatinine

Answer 30

increased levels within urine indicate kidney disease

Question 31

Cystoureterography

Answer 31

X-ray imaging of bladder and ureters (use of contrast dye)

Question 32

Fulguration

Answer 32

surg. procedure destroys living tissue with electric spark (tumors, polyps)

Question 33

Hemodialysis

Answer 33

removes nitrogenous wastes and excess ions from blood (replace kidney function)-blood pushed through a semipermeable membrane filter

Question 34

Kidney, Ureter, Bladder X-Ray (KUB)

Answer 34

images the abdomen (look for stones)

Question 35

Peritoneal Dialysis

Answer 35

waste is removed from blood through artificial filtration-cleansing treatment

Question 36

Specific Gravity (SG)

Answer 36

Lab test-evaluates filtration and water reabsorption in kidneys

Question 37

Urinalysis (UA)

Answer 37

lab test-measures creatine, specific gravity, glucose, protein, and pH

Question 38

Urinometer

Answer 38

measures water density of urine

Question 39

Vesicourethral Suspension

Answer 39

procedure to stabilize urinary bladder position as treatment for stress incontinence

Question 40

BUN

Answer 40

Blood Urea Nitrogen

Question 41

HD

Answer 41

Hemodialysis

Question 42

IVP

Answer 42

intravenous pyelogram

Question 43

KUB

Answer 43

Kidney, ureter, and bladder x-ray

Question 44

UA

Answer 44

urinalysis

Question 45

UTI

Answer 45

Urinary Tract Infection