Chapter 14 The Brain & Cranial Nerves

Question 1

what does the central nervous system include? (2 parts)

Answer 1

1. the brain
2. the spinal cord

Question 2

what are the 4 major regions of the brain? what do they include?

Answer 2

1. cerebral hemispheres which is the biggest part of the brain and includes the basal nuclei (ganglia).
2. diencephalon which is the middle of the brain and includes the thalamus and hypothalamus.
3. brain stem which is located at the bottom of the brain and includes the midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata.
4. cerebellum which is the base of the brain and includes some control centres.

Question 3

what is the cerebral hemispheres? what does it contain?

Question 4

each hemisphere is divided into 4 visible lobes which are?

Answer 4

1. frontal
2. parietal
3. temporal
4. occipital

Question 5

what are the functional areas of the cerebral cortex? (3 areas)

Answer 5

1. sensory areas
2. motor areas
3. association areas

Question 6

list the important sensory areas of the cerebral cortex. (5 areas)

Answer 6

1. primary somatosensory area
2. primary visual area
3. primary auditory area
4. primary gustatory area (taste)
5. primary olfactory area (smell)

Question 7

list the important motor areas of the cerebral cortex. (2 areas)

Answer 7

1. primary motor area
2. broca’s speech area

Question 8

list the important association areas of the cerebral cortex. (5 areas)

Answer 8

1. somatosensory association area
2. visual/auditory association area
3. premotor area
4. prefrontal cortex
5. language areas

Question 9

what is the location and function of the sensory area (general) of the cerebral cortex?

Question 10

what is the location and function of the primary somatosensory area?

Question 11

what is the location and function of the primary visual area?

Question 12

what is the location and function of the primary auditory area?

Question 13

what is the location of the primary gustatory area (taste)?

Question 14

what is the location of the primary olfactory area (smell)?

Question 15

what is the location and function of the motor area (general) of the cerebral cortex?

Question 16

what is the location and function of the primary motor area?

Question 17

what is the location and function of the broca’s speech area?

Question 18

which area is widespread in all lobes?

Answer 18

association area

Question 19

what is the location and function of the somatosensory association area?

Question 20

what is the function of the visual/auditory association area?

Question 21

what is the location and function of the premotor association area?

Question 22

what is the location and function of the prefrontal cortex of the important association area?

Question 23

what is the location and function of the language areas of the important association area?

Question 24

what is the basal nuclei? function? which region of the brain is it located in?

Question 25

what is cerebral white matter? what does it consist of?

Question 26

what are the 3 types of tracts in the cerebral white matter? function?

Answer 26

1. association tracts
2. commissural tracts
3. projection tracts

Question 27

what is the thalamus? function? what region of the brain is it located in?

Question 28

what is the hypothalamus? function? what region of the brain is it located in?

Question 29

what is the midbrain? function? what region of the brain is it located in?

Question 30

what is the pons? function? what region of the brain is it located in?

Question 31

what is the medulla oblongata? function? what region of the brain is it located in?

Question 32

what is the cerebellum? what does it contain and its function?