Chapter 14: Pancreas Flashcards
The pancreas is a Retroperitoneal structure, except for _____
A small portion of the head
What is the normal length of the pancreas
12-18 cm
The pancreas is ___% exocrine and ___ endocrine
90%, 10%
The exocrine part of the pancreas secretes ______
Enzymes
List the enzymes the pancreas secretes
Amylase, lipase, trypsin, nucleases, sodium bicarbonate
Amylase processes____
Carbs
Lipase processes _____
Fats
Trypsin processes
Proteins
Nucleases processes
Nucleic acids
Sodium bicarbonate processes
Hydrochloric acid
List the endocrine cells located in the islets of langerhans
Beta, alpha, delta, gamma, epsilon
Beta cells release
Insulin (turns glucose into glycogen)
Alpha cells release
Glucagon (turns glycogen into glucose)
Delta cells release
Somatostatin (alpha and beta inhibitor)
Gamma cells release
Pancreatic polypeptide ( blood sugar regulation)
Epsilon cells release
Ghrelin (blood sugar regulation)
The pancreas is _______ compared to liver
Hyperechoic
What is the largest component of pancreatic juice
Bicarbonate
What hormones stimulate acini cells to produce digestive enzymes
Cholecystokinin, gastrin, and acetylcholine
Pancreatic arcades are vascular connections that supply what part of the pancreas
The head
The portal vein is formed _____ to the neck of pancreas
Posterior
The head of the pancreas lies to the _____ of the SMV
Right
The gastroduodenal artery divides into
pancreaticoduodenal branches
Hormones that stimulate the formation of pancreatic juice are triggered by____
Chyme
