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Systems Pathology II - Exam 1 > Chapter 14 - Oral Cavity - Part 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 14 - Oral Cavity - Part 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Are primary salivary gland diseases common?

A

No, rare

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2
Q

What gland is most commonly seen in primary salivary gland disease?

A

parotid gland

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3
Q

What are the 4 glands that can be affected in primary salivary gland disease?

A

parotid gland
Sublingual gland
submandibular gland
Minor salivary glands

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4
Q

What do the glands do?

A

excrete saliva

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5
Q

Salivary gland excrete salvia via what?

A

ducts

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6
Q

What makes up 99% of the saliva?

A

water

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7
Q

What else is in the saliva?

A

IgA and enzymes

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8
Q

What are the common pathologies of the salivary glands?

A

Inflammation

neoplasia

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9
Q

What is the word for dry mouth?

A

xerostomia

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10
Q

What is xerostomia caused by?

A

Decreased saliva production

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11
Q

What can cause xerostomia?

A

Aging, ADRs, irradiation

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12
Q

What percentage of people over 70 experience xerostomia?

A

20%

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13
Q

In what disease is xerostomia a major feature?

A

sjogren syndrome

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14
Q

Sjogren syndrome is an ____ disease.

A

autoimmune

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15
Q

Sjogren syndrome destroys what?

A

Exorcise glands

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16
Q

Sjogren syndrome has inflammation of what glands?

A

Salivary and lacrimal

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17
Q

What are the main drugs that can cause xerostomia?

A

antihypertensive

Muscle relaxers

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18
Q

Complications of xerostomia are what?

A

dysphagia
dysarthria
Dental caries
candidiasis

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19
Q

What is dysphagia?

A

Difficulty swalling

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20
Q

What is dysarthria?

A

Difficulty speaking

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21
Q

Xerostomia can cause what complications with the tongue?

A

Fissuring and ulcerations

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22
Q

What is inflammation and enlargement of the salivary glands called?

A

sialadenitis

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23
Q

What is the most common viral cause of sialadenitis?

A

mumps

24
Q

Mumps is a ______.

A

paramyxovirus

25
Q

Mumps usually affects what glands?

A

parotid

26
Q

In adults the paramyxovirus can cause what?

A

pancreatitis, orchitis

27
Q

What is the most common bacterial cause of sialadenitis?

A

staph. aureus

and staph. viridans

28
Q

What two things can predispose glands to bacterial infections.

A

Dehydration

obstruction

29
Q

What is blockage/rupture of glandular duct called?

A

mucocele

30
Q

Mucocele aka

A

Mucous cyst, ranula

31
Q

Mucocele typically manifests as a fluctuant swelling in what area?

A

Lower lip

32
Q

Mucocele looks like what?

A

Cyst-like space filled with mucin and inflammatory cells (esp. Macrophages)

33
Q

Mucocele are most common seen in:

A

Children and elderly

34
Q

Are salivary gland neoplasm common?

A

No, rare

35
Q

What is the most common gland that can develop a neoplasm?

A

parotid

36
Q

What percentage of neoplasm affect parotid glands?

A

65-80%

37
Q

What percentage of carotid gland neoplasm are malignant?

A

15-30%

38
Q

What percentage of submandibular glands are malignant?

A

40%

39
Q

What percentage of neoplasm are affecting submandibular glands?

A

10%`

40
Q

What percent of neoplasm affect sublingual and minor salivary glands?

A

10-20%

41
Q

What percentage of sublingual and minor salivary glands are malignant?

A

50-90%

42
Q

Which gland are the least common for neoplasm?

A

Smaller glands

43
Q

Are the smaller glands at a greater or less risk for cancer?

A

greater

44
Q

The likelihood that a salivary gland is malignant is _________ proportional to it’s size.

A

inversely

45
Q

Parotid gland neoplasms produce swelling in ____ of and ____ the ____.

A

in front of
Below
ear

46
Q

Both benign and malignant parotid gland tumors are how big? Are ______ on pulsation (mostly).

A

4-6 cm

mobile

47
Q

Pleomorphic adenoma are benign or malignant?

A

benign

48
Q

Are Pleomorphic adenoma fast or slow growing?

A

slow

49
Q

Is a Pleomorphic adenoma an epithelial or mesenchymal tumor?

A

Mixed (both epithelial and mesenchymal)

50
Q

Can a Pleomorphic adenoma recur after excision?

A

yes

51
Q

What percentage of Pleomorphic adenoma’s transition into cancer?

A

2-10%

52
Q

When a Pleomorphic adenoma transitions into cancer, what is it called?

A

Carcinoma ex Pleomorphic adenoma

53
Q

If you have carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma what is the prognosis?

A

50% 5-year

54
Q

A carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma is ______ and _______.

A

Invasive,

Less mobile

55
Q

What is the histology of a pleomorphic adenoma?

A

Heterogeneous,
Cartilage and bone
Encapsulated.

Systems Pathology II - Exam 1 (6 decks)

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