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RTE 1011 - Radiographic Patient Care > Chapter 14 - Medication Information > Flashcards

Chapter 14 - Medication Information Flashcards

1
Q

What is absorption?

A

process by which a drug moves from the site of administration into systemic circulation

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2
Q

What is an agonist?

A

drug that produces a specific action and promotes the desired result

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3
Q

What is an allergen?

A

substance to which a sensitivity has been established

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4
Q

What is an allergic reaction?

A

occurs when a patient is sensitized to the initial dose and develops an allergic response to the allergen

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5
Q

What is an analgesic, and what are some examples?

A

drugs that relieve pain without causing loss of consciousness
opioid:
VICODIN - hydrocodone
PERCOCET - oxycodone
MS CONTIN - morphine
DEMEROL - meperidine
DILAUDID - hydromorphone
SUBLIMAZE - fentanyl
non-opioid:
NSAIDS
TYLENOL - acetaminophen

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6
Q

What is an anesthetic and what are some examples?

A

a drug that is capable of producing a complete or partial loss of feeling (anesthesia):
XYLOCAINE - lidocaine

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7
Q

What is an antagonist and what are some examples?

A

a drug that attaches to a receptor to prevent an agonist from acting:
ROMAZICON - flumazenil (counteracts effects of benzodiazepines)
NARCAN - naloxone (counteracts the effects of opiates)

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8
Q

What is an antidote?

A

a specific drug that treats a toxic effect

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9
Q

What is distribution?

A

means by which a drug travels from the bloodstream to the target tissue and site of action

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10
Q

What is a drug?

A

a substance used in diagnosis, treatment, disease prevention, or as a component of a medication

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11
Q

What is edema?

A

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in interstitial spaces; swelling

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12
Q

What is efficacy?

A

the effectiveness of a drug

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13
Q

What is excretion?

A

the elimination of drugs from the body after they have been metabolized (kidneys, intestines, lungs, breast milk, exocrine glands)

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14
Q

What is a generic?

A

a name for a medication that identifies its chemical name or family

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15
Q

What does it mean for a reaction to be idiosyncratic?

A

patient overreacts, underreacts, or has an unusual reaction

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16
Q

What is a medication?

A

a substance prescribed for treatment that produces therapeutically useful effects

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17
Q

What is metabolism?

A

the process by which the body transforms drugs into an inactive form that can be excreted from the body (usually happens in the liver)

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18
Q

What is a metabolite?

A

a product of metabolism that can be excreted

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19
Q

What does it mean to metabolize something?

A

its composition is physically and chemically changed

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20
Q

What is a narcotic?

A

a substance that produces insensibility or stupor and may lead to physical dependence

21
Q

What is an opiate?

A

a natural derivative of opium

22
Q

What is an opioid?

A

a drug that acts similarly to morphine:
morphine
codeine
DEMEROL - meperidine

23
Q

What are pharmacodynamics?

A

the study of the effects of drugs on the normal physiological functions of the body

24
Q

What are pharmacokinetics?

A

the study of the way the body processes a drug, including the way it is absorbed, how it reaches the site of activity, how it is metabolized, and how it exits the body

25
Q

What is potency?

A

the strength of a drug

26
Q

What does it mean to be potent?

A

powerful

27
Q

What is a sedative?

A

medication that induces a state of quiet, calmness, or sleepiness
barbiturates:
phenobarbital

28
Q

What is a synergistic effect?

A

when two or more components work together to produce a combined, greater effect

29
Q

What does it mean to be toxic?

A

poisonous (more likely to happen when dehydrated and unable to excrete)

30
Q

What is toxicity?

A

the potential for a drug to do harm

31
Q

What is a tranquilizer?

A

a drug that calms anxiety or agitation, ideally without decreasing consciousness
benzodiazepines:
ATIVAN - lorazepam
VALIUM - diazepam
VERSED - midazolam (amnesia and sedation)

32
Q

What is a therapeutic effect?

A

action of a drug on specific cells that results in anticipated outcomes (when drug locks into receptor)

33
Q

What medications can be used to treat allergic reactions?

A

BENADRYL - diphenhydramine
ADRENALIN - epinephrine
SOLU-MEDROL - methylprednisolone

34
Q

What is an antimicrobial, and what are some examples?

A

includes antiseptics:
alcohol
BETADINE - iodine
antibiotics:
BACTRIM - smz/tmp
antibacterials, and antifungals

35
Q

What is an anticonvulsant and what are some examples?

A

medication used to treat chronic seizure disorders:
DILANTIN - phenytoin
VALIUM - diazepam

36
Q

What is an antiarrhythmic and what are some examples?

A

medication used to treat chronic cardiac arrhythmias:
PACERONE - amiodarone
QUINIDEX - quinidine
lidocaine

37
Q

What is a paralytic agent and what are some examples?

A

a skeletal muscle relaxant that temporarily paralyzes all muscles - artificial respiration is necessary:
ANECTINE - succinylcholine
MIVACRON - mivacurium
metocurine
gallamine

38
Q

What is a hypoglycemic agent and what are some examples?

A

drug used to control the level of glucose in the blood:
insulin
GLUCOTROL - sulfonylurea
GLUCOPHAGE - metformin
ELIQUIS - apixaban
PRADAXA - dabigatran
XARELTO - rivaroxaban

39
Q

What is an antihypertensive and what are some examples?

A

a drug that reduces blood pressure
ace inhibitors:
CAPOTEN - captopril
VASOTEC - enalapril
PRINIVIL - lisinopril
beta-blockers:
INDERAL - propranolol
LOPRESSOR - metoprolol

40
Q

A common side effect of an anticholinergic drug is:
A. nausea
B. dry mouth
C. bruising or spontaneous bleeding
D. constipation

A

B. dry mouth

41
Q

Medications used to regulate blood glucose levels include insulin and metformin. These medications are classified as:
A. antiarrhythmics
B. anticonvulsants
C. analgesics
D. hypoglycemic agents

A

D. hypoglycemic agents

42
Q

Opioid medications are prescribed for the purpose of:
A. alleviating pain
B. reversing the effects of opium
C. regulating heart rhythm
D. preventing infection

A

A. alleviating pain

43
Q

The name given to a medication by the manufacturer is called its ______________ name.
A. chemical
B. proprietary
C. generic
D. common

A

B. proprietary

44
Q

Narcan is an antagonist drug that may be given in cases of an overdose of a(n) __________________medication.
A. opiate
B. benzodiazepine
C. anticholinergic
D. hypoglycemic

A

A. opiate

45
Q

The method by which drug metabolites are eliminated from the body is called:
A. absorption
B. assimilation
C. excretion
D. distribution

A

C. excretion

46
Q

An idiosyncratic medication reaction is one that is:
A. additive
B. allergic
C. therapeutic
D. unusual

A

D. unusual

47
Q

A common medication that is classed as both a tranquilizer and an anticonvulsant is:
A. meperidine
B. diphenhydramine
C. Betadine
D. diazepam

A

D. diazepam

48
Q

The intended effect of succinylcholine chloride is: A. anesthesia
B. muscle paralysis
C. heart stimulation
D. sedation

A

B. muscle paralysis

49
Q

Diphenhydramine is classified as a(n) _____________ medication.
A. antihistamine
B. analgesic
C. anticholinergic
D. ACE inhibitor

A

A. antihistamine

RTE 1011 - Radiographic Patient Care (16 decks)

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