Chapter 14 - Human Heredity Flashcards
What is a genome?
Th full set of genetic information that an organism carries in its DNA.
What is a karyotype?
Micrograph that shows complete number of chromosomes, arranged in decreasing size.
What are sex chromosomes?
2 of the 46 chromosomes, they determine gender.
What are autosomes?
The remaining 44 chromosomes.
A person with Rh- and Rh+ alleles will have what blood?
Rh positive because Rh+ is dominant.
A person with O blood type has what alleles?
Homozygous for i (ii).
A person with AB- has what alleles?
Ib, Ia and 2 Rh- alleles.
What is a sex linked gene?
A gene on the sex chromosome.
What is a pedigree?
A chart that shows the presence or absence of a trait according to generations of family.
What causes Sickle Cell Disease?
A defective allele for beta-globin.
What happens to people with Sickle Cell Disease?
Hemoglobin becomes less soluble causing molecules to stick together causing sick cell shape. Sickle cells tend to get stuck in capillaries potentially causing serious damage.
What causes Cystic Fibrosis?
The deletion of 3 bases in gene for CFTR.
How many copies of the defective gene do you need to have Cystic Fibrosis?
2.
What causes Huntington’s Disease?
Dominant allele for protein a brain cells, coding occurs more than 40 times.
If the coding for CAG repeats, what does it mean?
That symptoms will be more severe and will appear earlier in life.
