Chapter 14 - Brain + Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

The cerebellum is the ____ largest part of the brain.

A

second

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2
Q

What three structures compose the diencephalon?

A

thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus

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3
Q

The falx cerebri separates the…
The falx cerebelli separates the…
And the tentorium cerebelli separates the…

A

falx cerebri separates 2 cerebral hemispheres
falx cerebelli separates 2 cerebellar hemispheres
tentorium cerebelli separates cerebrum from cerebellum

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4
Q

The brain receives approximately ___% of total blood supply.

A

20%

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5
Q

Which two arteries carry blood to the brain?

A

internal carotid + vertebral

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6
Q

What vein carries blood away from the brain?

A

internal jugular vein (which also receives drained CSF from the transverse sinus –> sigmoid sinus –> IJV)

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7
Q

The internal carotid artery supplies the ___ part of the Circle of Willis, while the vertebral artery supplies the ____ part.

A

internal carotid: anterior

vertebral: posterior (vertebrobasilar artery)

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8
Q

Cerebrospinal fluid is drawn from the _____ through the _____ cells into the ventricles.

A

drawn from the choroid plexuses through the ependymal cells

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9
Q

What spaces can CSF be found in?

A

ventricles
central canal of spinal cord
subarachnoid space

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10
Q

Where is CSF reabsorbed?

A

the arachnoid villi in the dural venous sinuses (mainly in the superior sagittal and transverse sinuses)

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11
Q

At what rate is CSF both produced and absorbed?

A

20ml/hour

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12
Q

The descending motor tracts travel through the ____ of the medulla, which are found anteriorly/posteriorly.

A

PYRAMIDS

ANTERIORLY

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13
Q

Which ventricle is found in the upper medulla oblongata?

A

4th

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14
Q

The gustatory, cochlear, and vestibular nuclei are found in the…

A

medulla oblongata

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15
Q

The medulla contains nuclei for 5 cranial nerves, which are…

A

VIII to XII (8-12)

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16
Q

Information in and out of the cerebellum to the medulla oblongata travels through which cerebellar peduncles?

A

Inferior cerebellar peduncles

17
Q

The pontine respiratory nuclei contain the ____ and ____ areas.

A

pneumotaxic and apneustic

18
Q

Through which cerebellar peduncles does information travel between the cerebellum and the pons?

A

Middle cerebellar peduncles

19
Q

The vestibular nuclei are found in the ____ for cranial nerve ___.

A

pons, VIII

20
Q

The cerebral aqueduct connects the __ and ___ ventricles and is also called the aqueduct of the ____.

A

3rd & 4th

aqueduct of the midbrain

21
Q

The midbrain contains the ___ peduncles.

A

cerebral peduncles

22
Q

Where are the cerebral peduncles?

23
Q

Loss of neurons in the ____ is associated with Parkinsons

A

substantia nigra

24
Q

The red nucleus of the midbrain contains lots of iron-containing pigment and rich blood supply. It helps control…

A

voluntary movements of the limbs

25
The colliculi (superior & inferior) of the midbrain are also called the...
corpora quadrigemina
26
The superior colliculi of the midbrain coordinate... with ...
eye movements with visual stimuli
27
The inferior colliculi (of the midbrain) coordinate... with...
head movements with auditory stimuli
28
The cerebellum contains about __ % of the neurons in the brain!
50%
29
The anterior and posterior lobes of the cerebellum control...
subconscious aspects of skeletal movement
30
The flocculonodular lobe of the cerebellum contributes to...
equilibrium and balance
31
The 3rd ventricle is enclosed within the...
diencephalon (thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus)
32
80% of the diencephalon is made up of the...
thalamus
33
The thalamus contains __ pairs of nuclei that relay all sensory impulses to the cerebral cortex, EXCEPT...
7 pairs | except smell
34
The epithalamus consists of the __ and ___.
pineal gland (melatonin) and habenacular nuclei (emotional responses to odours)
35
The limbic system triggers behaviours appropriate to environmental circumstances and is involved in ___ and memory. Emotional response is based on input from the...
olfaction cerebral cortex (understanding of the situation)
36
Differentiate the tectum and tegmentum.
tegmentum: anterior midbrain containing several CN nuclei tectum: posterior midbrain (with superior & inferior colliculi)
37
T/F: the inferior cerebellar peduncle connects the inferior part of the brainstem (medulla oblongata) with the cerebellum
True
38
T/F: Middle cerebellar peduncle connects the pons with the cerebellum
True
39
T/F: Superior cerebellar peduncle connects the midbrain to the cerebellum.
True