Chapter 14: Aggression and Prosocial Behavior

Question 1

Altruism

Answer 1

Prosocial behavior that benefits others without regard to consequences for oneself.

Question 2

What motivates us to be altruistic?

Answer 2

1. Social reward
2. Personal distress
3. Empathetic concern

Question 3

Prosocial behavior

Answer 3

Helping that benefits another person but may also benefit the self and is done for that reason.

Question 4

Aggression

Answer 4

Behavior intended to harm, either psychologically or physically another person who does not want to be harmed.

Question 5

Hostile aggression

Answer 5

Motivated by anger and hostility- hot and impulsive

Question 6

Instrumental aggression

Answer 6

When aggression driven by motives other than hostility such as advancing a cause or acquiring status- It’s cold, premeditated, and calculated

Question 7

What causes aggression?

Answer 7

-Situational factors
-Genetic factors
-Construal processes
-Culture and gender

Question 8

Unpleasant stimuli

Answer 8

Make us feel angry, and feelings of anger make us want to act more aggressively.

Question 9

Culture of honor

Answer 9

Cultural concern with defending reputation or honor. Much more common in the South.

Question 10

Relational aggression

Answer 10

Behaving in ways that are covert and involve social relationships (e.g spreading rumors or insults). More common in women.

Question 11

Social learning theory

Answer 11

Children observe, learn, and copy the behavior of others, including aggressive behavior. This is shown in the Bobo Doll test.

Question 12

Bystander effect

Answer 12

Greater the number of bystanders, the less likely anyone
will be to help.