chapter 14

Question 1

motivating someone, through communication, to change a particular belief, attitude, or behavior

Answer 1

persuasion

Question 2

• classified 3 different ways
• usually incremental
• can be ethical

Answer 2

persuasive speaking

Question 3

generally worded to stress audience knowledge, ability, or both

Answer 3

informative purpose statement

Question 4

humans are more likely to understand something that is stated more than once

Answer 4

repetition

Question 5

emphasize important points that aren’t obvious

Answer 5

redundancy

Question 6

words or phrases that emphasize the importance of what you are about to say

Answer 6

signposts

Question 7

level of commitment and attention that listeners devote to a speech

Answer 7

audience involvement

Question 8

having listeners actively do something during your speech

Answer 8

audience participation

Question 9

the believability of a speaker

Answer 9

credibility

Question 10

speaker’s expertise on the topic

Answer 10

competence

Question 11

audience’s perception of your ethics and integrity

Answer 11

character

Question 12

the audience’s perception of your enthusiasm and likability

Answer 12

charisma

Question 13

logical appeal, one based on formal reasoning

Answer 13

logos

Question 14

the speaker has the audience’s best interests in mind at all times

Answer 14

ethos

Question 15

speak to the heart as well as the head

Answer 15

pathos

Question 16

Has 5 steps

Answer 16

monroe’s motivated sequence

Question 17

the process of making claims and backing them up, logically and rationally.

Answer 17

reasoning

Question 18

expressed opinion that the speaker would like the audience to accept

Answer 18

claim

Question 19

supporting material that the speaker uses to prove any type of claim

Answer 19

evidence

Question 20

speaker attacks the integrity of a person in order to weaken the argument

Answer 20

ad hominem

Question 21

unfairly attacks an argument by extending it to such extremes that it looks ridiculous

Answer 21

reductio ad absurdum

Question 22

sets up false alternatives, suggesting that, if the inferior one must be rejected, then the other must be accepted

Answer 22

either-or

Question 23

mistakenly assumes that one event causes another because they occur sequentially

Answer 23

post hoc

Question 24

relying on the testimony of someone who is not an authority in the case being argued

Answer 24

argumentum and verecundiam

Question 25

based on the notion that, if many people favor an idea, you should, too

Answer 25

argumentum ad populum