Chapter 14

Question 1

Who is Allah (Islam)?

Answer 1

God

Question 2

Who is Muhammed?

Answer 2

Allah’s profit

Question 3

What is the Quran?

Answer 3

The holy book of Islam. It means “recitation”.

Question 4

What was Mecca?

Answer 4

A holy city of where there had been conflicts centered on religious issues.

Question 5

What was at Mecca that made it significant to Islam?

Answer 5

A shrine considered to be the dwelling of a powerful deity, inside a cube-shaped building called the Ka’ba.

Question 6

Medina (Islam)

Answer 6

the city of the prophet

Question 7

Hijra (Islam)

Answer 7

migration

Question 8

Umma (Islam)

Answer 8

community of the faithful

Question 9

Five Pillars of Islam

Answer 9

1. ) Allah is the only god
2. ) Pray to Allah daily facing Mecca
3. ) Observe a fast during the daylight hours of the month of Ramadan
4. ) Contribute alms for the relief of the weak and poor
5. ) Undertake the Hajj

Question 10

Jihad (Islam)

Answer 10

“struggle”, combat vice and evil, struggle against ignorance and unbelief, physical struggle to protect Islam

Question 11

Sharia (Islam)

Answer 11

Islamic holy law

Question 12

Abu Bakr

Answer 12

After Muhammed’s death, he was picked by Muhammed’s advisors as the caliph (“deputy”).

Question 13

Caliph (Islam)

Answer 13

“deputy”, let the umma as lieutenants or substitutes for Muhammed

Question 14

Shia and Sunni

Answer 14

two sects of Islam

Question 15

Shia

Answer 15

Appointed Ali and his descendants as caliphs

Question 16

Sunni

Answer 16

“traditionalists”, accepted the legitimacy of early caliphs

Question 17

Umayyad dynasty

Answer 17

661-750 CE, after the assassination of Ali

Question 18

Policy toward conquered people (Umayyad)

Answer 18

treated fairly equally, religiously tolerant

Question 19

Jizya (Islam)

Answer 19

a special head tax on those who didn’t convert to Islam after being conquered

Question 20

Abbasid dynasty

Answer 20

Abu al-Abbas, conquered by the Mongols, Baghdad

Question 21

Harry al-Rashid

Answer 21

caliph who reigned during the high point of the Abbasid dynasty

Question 22

Sakk

Answer 22

checks (money)

Question 23

Maritime trade

Answer 23

increased due to technology

Question 24

al-Andalus

Answer 24

prosperity of Islamic Spain

Question 25

Quran and Sharia (gender roles)

Answer 25

enforced male dominance

Question 26

Sufi (Islam)

Answer 26

Islamic missionaries (mystics)

Question 27

Madrasas (Islam)

Answer 27

higher education

Question 28

Traditions from Persia, India, and Greece

Answer 28

travelers, merchants, etc., scientific, philosophical, writings, gov’t techniques, poetry, literature

Question 29

Rubaiyat

Answer 29

the verses of Omar Khayyam