Chapter 14 Flashcards
Adolescence is defined as the period of life between _____ and ______years of age.
11 and 21 years of age
The struggle for independence that characterizes adolescent psychosocial development may lead to the development of health-compromising eating behaviors, including:
a. Excessive dieting
b. Meal skipping
c. Use of unconventional nutritional and nonutritional supplements
d. Adoption of dad diets
What is one major difference between assessing nutrient needs in adolescents and adults?
Puberty-including sexual maturation , increases in height and weight, aaccumalation of skeletal mass, and changes in body composition
Early adolescence is defined as ages _____ to ______.
11 to 14 years
Eating patterns and behaviors of adolescents are influenced by many factors, which include:
a.Peer influence
b. Parental modeling
c.Food availability
d.Food preferences
Cost/convenience
Mass media
Personal/cultural beliefs
Body image
In order to improve the eating habits of youth, nutrition interventions should be aimed at three levels of influence. What are these?
a. Personal or individual -behaviors/attitude, beliefs, self efficacy
b. Environmental -immediate social environment, peer pressure
c. Macrosystem -food availability, food production and distribution
Snacks account for up to _____ of daily food intake among adolescents.
23 percent to 39 percent
Food choices made by adolescents while snacking tend to favor foods high in _____ and relatively low in _____.
sugar, sodium, and fat.
vitamins and minerals
Why are fast-food restaurants and food courts are favorite eating places for adolescents?
Because they offer an informal setting with inexpensive food choices
Health advantages for an adolescent consuming a vegetarian diet include:
a. high intake of fiber
b. relatively high intake of the vitamins and minerals found in plant-based foods.
What is one vegetable that makes a significant contribution to the diets of adolescents?
Potatoes
Using the Sexual Maturation Rating (SMR), the PEAK velocity of linear growth for males occurs at _____ years of age, on average
14.4 years
Females experience a _____ increase in body fat during puberty.
120 percent
During peak weight gain, adolescent males gain an average of _____ lb/year.
20 lb
By the age of 18, more than _____ of adult skeletal mass has been form
90
Approximately 7% of adolescent boys consume _____ serving(s) of vegetables per day.
0
Due to the great variability in the timing of growth and maturation among adolescents, the calculation of energy needs based on _____ will provide a better estimate than one based on chronological are.
Velocity of growth
Protein requirements for males are highest at _____ years
15 to 18
The protein requirement is greatest for females when the height growth spurt occurs. What age range would this be?
At 11 to 14 years.
Adolescents have a relatively low intake of _____ and _____, which leads to less than the recommended intake of fiber.
Fruits and vegetables
The best reason for advising young adolescents to consume foods that provide adequate calcium is _____.
Calcium intake may be of great importance for the development of dense bone mass and the reduction of the lifetime risk of fractures and osteoporosis. Pg
What are 3 factors that increase a teen’s need for iron?
a. The rapid rate of linear growth
b. The increase in blood volume
c. The onset of menarche during adolescence
The most sensitive indicator for iron store depletion is _____.
Serum iron, Plasma ferritin, and transferrin saturation
What are the main functions of Vitamin D _____.
a. Vitamin D is essential for optimal bone formation.
b. essential role in facilitating intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus
What are the consequences of severe folate deficiency in adolescence?
Severe folate deficiency results in the development of megaloblastic anemia, which is rare among adolescents
A reasonable number of goals to work toward with adolescents during a counseling session would be______.
1 or 2 goals per counseling session
What type of nutrition message would be best for motivating adolescents to eat a healthy diet?
a. Teens are “present oriented”
b. Concerned about appearance
c. Achieving maintaining a healthy weight.
d. Having lots of energy
e. Optimizing sports performance
f. environmental or moral aspects of food
The Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans recommend that all adolescents be physically active how often?
Daily, or nearly every day.
How do Female and Male adolescents compare regarding the amount of dairy products they consume?
Adolescent females consume 948 mg calcium per day, while adolescent males have been found to consume about 1260 mg calcium per day.
What would the estimated daily protein need be for a 65-kg adolescent male who is 15 years old?
55.25g (65*.85=55.25)
