Chapter 14

Question 1

Adolescence is defined as the period of life between _____ and ______years of age.

Answer 1

11 and 21 years of age

Question 2

The struggle for independence that characterizes adolescent psychosocial development may lead to the development of health-compromising eating behaviors, including:

Answer 2

a. Excessive dieting
b. Meal skipping
c. Use of unconventional nutritional and nonutritional supplements
d. Adoption of dad diets

Question 3

What is one major difference between assessing nutrient needs in adolescents and adults?

Answer 3

Puberty-including sexual maturation , increases in height and weight, aaccumalation of skeletal mass, and changes in body composition

Question 4

​Early adolescence is defined as ages _____ to ______.

Answer 4

11 to 14 years

Question 5

​Eating patterns and behaviors of adolescents are influenced by many factors, which include:

Answer 5

a.Peer influence
b. Parental modeling
c.Food availability
d.Food preferences
Cost/convenience
Mass media
Personal/cultural beliefs
Body image

Question 6

​In order to improve the eating habits of youth, nutrition interventions should be aimed at three levels of influence. What are these?

Answer 6

a. Personal or individual -behaviors/attitude, beliefs, self efficacy
b. Environmental -immediate social environment, peer pressure
c. Macrosystem -food availability, food production and distribution

Question 7

​Snacks account for up to _____ of daily food intake among adolescents.

Answer 7

23 percent to 39 percent

Question 8

​Food choices made by adolescents while snacking tend to favor foods high in _____ and relatively low in _____.

Answer 8

sugar, sodium, and fat.

vitamins and minerals

Question 9

​Why are fast-food restaurants and food courts are favorite eating places for adolescents?

Answer 9

Because they offer an informal setting with inexpensive food choices

Question 10

Health advantages for an adolescent consuming a vegetarian diet include:

Answer 10

a. high intake of fiber

b. relatively high intake of the vitamins and minerals found in plant-based foods.

Question 11

What is one vegetable that makes a significant contribution to the diets of adolescents?

Answer 11

Potatoes

Question 12

Using the Sexual Maturation Rating (SMR), the PEAK velocity of linear growth for males occurs at _____ years of age, on average

Answer 12

14.4 years

Question 13

Females experience a _____ increase in body fat during puberty.

Answer 13

120 percent

Question 14

​During peak weight gain, adolescent males gain an average of _____ lb/year.

Answer 14

20 lb

Question 15

By the age of 18, more than _____ of adult skeletal mass has been form

Answer 15

90

Question 16

Approximately 7% of adolescent boys consume _____ serving(s) of vegetables per day.

Answer 16

0

Question 17

Due to the great variability in the timing of growth and maturation among adolescents, the calculation of energy needs based on _____ will provide a better estimate than one based on chronological are.

Answer 17

Velocity of growth

Question 18

Protein requirements for males are highest at _____ years

Answer 18

15 to 18

Question 19

The protein requirement is greatest for females when the height growth spurt occurs. What age range would this be?

Answer 19

At 11 to 14 years.

Question 20

​Adolescents have a relatively low intake of _____ and _____, which leads to less than the recommended intake of fiber.

Answer 20

Fruits and vegetables

Question 21

The best reason for advising young adolescents to consume foods that provide adequate calcium is _____.

Answer 21

Calcium intake may be of great importance for the development of dense bone mass and the reduction of the lifetime risk of fractures and osteoporosis. Pg

Question 22

What are 3 factors that increase a teen’s need for iron?

Answer 22

a. ​​ The rapid rate of linear growth
b. The increase in blood volume
c. The onset of menarche during adolescence

Question 23

​The most sensitive indicator for iron store depletion is _____.

Answer 23

Serum iron, Plasma ferritin, and transferrin saturation

Question 24

What are the main functions of Vitamin D _____.

Answer 24

a. Vitamin D is essential for optimal bone formation.

b. essential role in facilitating intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus

Question 25

What are the consequences of severe folate deficiency in adolescence?

Answer 25

Severe folate deficiency results in the development of megaloblastic anemia, which is rare among adolescents

Question 26

​A reasonable number of goals to work toward with adolescents during a counseling session would be______.

Answer 26

1 or 2 goals per counseling session

Question 27

​What type of nutrition message would be best for motivating adolescents to eat a healthy diet?

Answer 27

a. Teens are “present oriented”
b. Concerned about appearance
c. Achieving maintaining a healthy weight.
d. Having lots of energy
e. Optimizing sports performance
f. environmental or moral aspects of food

Question 28

​The Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans recommend that all adolescents be physically active how often?

Answer 28

Daily, or nearly every day.

Question 29

​How do Female and Male adolescents compare regarding the amount of dairy products they consume?

Answer 29

Adolescent females consume 948 mg calcium per day, while adolescent males have been found to consume about 1260 mg calcium per day.

Question 30

What would the estimated daily protein need be for a 65-kg adolescent male who is 15 years old?

Answer 30

55.25g (65*.85=55.25)