Chapter 12

Question 1

What ages define middle childhood?

Answer 1

Between the ages of 5 and 10 years

Question 2

What ages define pre-adolescence?

Answer 2

Ages 9-11 years for girls, 10-12 years for boys

Question 3

What is another term that is used to describe both middle childhood and pre-adolescence?

Answer 3

Also known as school age

Question 4

In 2009, what percentage of U.S. children did not have health insurance?

Answer 4

7.5 million children 18 years and younger

Question 5

Adequate nutrition, especially eating breakfast, has been associated with which two outcomes for children of school age?

Answer 5

a. Improved academic performance in school

b. reduced tardiness and absences

Question 6

A child with a body mass index (BMI) equal to or greater than the 85th percentile, but less than the 95th percentile normal, overweight or obese?

Answer 6

Overweight

Question 7

The developmental stage of “concrete operations” are characterized by what four characteristics?

Answer 7

a. Being able to hav emote rational cause/effect reasoning
b. Being able to classify, reclassify and generalize
c. Decrease in egocentrism which allows the child to see another’s point of view
d. Being able to focus several aspects of a situation at the same time

Question 8

True or False? Studies show that children of parents who impose authoritarian methods of control on their eating are more likely to be responsive to energy density

Answer 8

False

Question 9

List 5 things that must be considered when you want to estimate the energy requirements for a school aged child.

Answer 9

Gender
age
Height
weight
Physical activity level (PAL)

Question 10

Which subjects are included in the School Health Index (SHI) for Physical Activity, Healthy Eating and a Tobacco-free Lifestyle?

Answer 10

a. Identify strength and weaknesses of health and safety policies and programs.
b. Develop an action plan for improving student health, which can be incorporated into the school improvement plan.
c. Engage teachers, parents, students, and the community in promoting health-enhancing behaviors and better health.

Question 11

What is the recommended adequate intake of total fiber for children between the ages of 4 and 8?

Answer 11

25g per day

Question 12

Based on food consumption data from the NHANES III survey, what is the mean dietary fiber intake of males between the ages of 6 and 11 years of age?

Answer 12

13.6 g

Question 13

13.6 g

The BMI for a boy who is 9 years old, weighs 90 lb (40.9 kg), and is 53 in (134 cm) tall is_________.

Answer 13

BMI:22.8, Optimal

Question 14

True or False? The only way to know if a child’s BMI is outside of the normal range for his age is to plot BMI-for-age percentiles on the growth charts.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

A nine year old is considered obese by looking at his BMI for age. When counseling both him and his mother, what would you recommend for him?

Answer 15

Goal of treatment is for the child and family to develop healthy eating and physical activity behaviors for a lifetime.
Parent training
Dietary counseling/nutrition education
physical activity
addressing sedentary behaviors
behavioral counseling.

Question 16

Based on the DRIs, the recommended protein intake for boys and girls between the ages of 4 and 13 is _____ body weight/day.

Answer 16

0.95g

Question 17

The daily protein requirement for a 12-year-old girl weighing 105 pounds (48 kg) based on the DRIs would be:.

Answer 17

0.95g x 48kg=45.6g → 45.6g/ BW per day

Question 18

What are some examples of foods that would be likely to promote dental caries?

Answer 18

a. soft drinks
b. candy
c. raisins
d. gummy candy

Question 19

Approximately _____ of children ages 6 through 11 years of age are obese.

Answer 19

18%

Question 20

What are some health consequences of obesity that occur more frequently in obese children?

Answer 20

a. hypertension
b. abnormal glucose tolerance
c. higher concentrations of liver enzymes
d. hyperlipidemia

Question 21

What % of children and adolescents with type 2 diabete are overweight or obese when diagnosed?

Answer 21

85%

Question 22

“BMI rebound” is defined as ______________________________________________.

Answer 22

a. the normal increase in body mass index that occurs after BMI declines and reaches its lowest point, at about 4 to 6 years of age and is reflected in the BMI-for-age growth chart.
b. early BMI rebound, higher BMIs in children later

Question 23

The most significant predictor of childhood obesity is _____________.

Answer 23

Maternal Obesity

Question 24

A dose-response relationship has been detected between the prevalence of obesity and time spent viewing television. For each additional hour of television viewed in the 12- to 17-year-old group, the prevalence of obesity increased by_______%.

Answer 24

2%

Question 25

According to NHANES III data, children aged _____ have the highest rates of daily television viewing.

Answer 25

11-13

Question 26

What are the proposed mechanisms by which television viewing contributes to obesity?

Answer 26

a. reduced energy expenditure by displacing physical activity
b. increased dietary intake by eating during viewing or as a result of food advertising

Question 27

Children with hyperlipidemias require what dietary restrictions to help lower LDL-cholesterol?

Answer 27

a. CHILD-2-LDL diet
b. triglycerides (CHILD-2-TG)
c. dietary cholesterol to 200mg per day
d. avoiding trans fatty acids as much as possible

Question 28

List some elements of the “built environment” that can be conducive to a healthy lifestyle.

Answer 28

a. “walking school bus”
b. the national Safe Routes to School program
c. pediatricians
d. other community leaders

Question 29

According to the DRIs, the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for fat is _____ of energy for children 4 to 18 years of age.

Answer 29

23-35%

Question 30

If a dietitian observed a low serum ferritin value in a school-aged child, what are some foods that would be helpful in promoting better iron absorption?

Answer 30

a. Meat, Fish, and Poultry
b. Fortified Breakfast Cereals
c. Vitamin C Rich Foods (citrus juice or fruit)

Question 31

Soft drinks in excess are not recommended for school-age children because:

Answer 31

a. Provide Empty Calories

b. Promote Tooth Decay

Question 32

t is recommended that children engage in at least _____ minutes of physical activity every day.

Answer 32

60 minutes

Question 33

How would you encourage parents to increase physical activity in their children?

Answer 33

a. Set a good example by being physically active themselves
b. Encourage physical activity at home, school, and with friends
c. Limit television and Video/DVD watching , computer, and video game playing , and alternate with period of physical activity
d. Parents should join their children in physical activity

Question 34

True or False: The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) advocates for the elimination of sweetened beverages in school and suggests replacing them with
sports beverages.

Answer 34

Fasle

Question 35

A measure of diet quality is provided by the Healthy Eating Index (HEI). According to the most recent data, the average HEI score for children ages 7 to 10 was 66.0 out of 100, which indicates what?

Answer 35

Their diets need improvement

Question 36

_____ in childhood has been identified by research as a predictor of adult overweight.

Answer 36

BMI