Chapter 10

Question 1

An infant’s weight____ from her birth weight by the time she is 1 year old.

Answer 1

Triples

Question 2

On average, toddlers gain___ oz/ month and preschoolers gain___ lb/year.

Answer 2

8 ounces, 4.4 ounds

Question 3

What measurements besides height and weight are used to track a child’s growth over time?

Answer 3

Head circumference
Weight for length
Weight for stature
BMI for age

Question 4

Which growth charts are appropriate for children ages 1-2? 2-4?

Answer 4

Ages 1-2: WHO growth charts

Ages 2-4: CDC growth charts

Question 5

A body mass index (BMI) in the 90th percentile would indicate that a 3 year old was obese or overweight?

Answer 5

Overweight

Question 6

What are some indications that a body is ready for weaning?

Answer 6

At 9 to 10 months of age
When solid food intake increase
When they learn to drink from a cup
Disinterest in breastfeeding or bottle feeding

Question 7

Typically, at what age range do babies begin to wean from the bottle to the cup?

Answer 7

Completely from 12-14 months

Question 8

What are some federally funded programs may benefit young children?

Answer 8

WIC/ Farmer’s Marker Nutrition Program (FMNP)
Head Start/Early Head Start
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)

Question 9

List some foods that should not be served to children less than two years of age because of their potential as choking hazards.

Answer 9

Hard candy
popcorn
nuts
Whole grapes
Hot dogs

Question 10

What is the “rule of thumb” regarding portion sizes for toddlers?

Answer 10

1 tablespoon of food per year of age

Ex: 2 year old child would need two tablespoons

Question 11

Using the standard rules of thumb, a toddler who is 3 years old would require what serving size of mashed potatoes?

Answer 11

3 year old child would need 3 tablespoons

Question 12

Temper tantrums generally peak between the ages of __ and ___

Answer 12

2 and 4 years

Question 13

Why is preschool age is a good time to teach children about foods, food selection, and preparation because

Answer 13

Preschool-age children want to be helpful and to please their parents and caretakers.
This characteristic makes the preschool years a food time to teach children about foods, food selection, and preparation by involving them in simple food-related activities

Question 14

What are the three temperamental clusters that generally categorize children’s behavior?

Answer 14

1. 40% “easy” temperaments
2. 10% “difficult” temperaments
3. 15% “slow-to-warm-up”

Question 15

Approximately what proportion of children have an “easy” temperament?

Answer 15

40%

The “easy” child is regular in function, adapts easily to regular schedules, and tries and accepts new foods readily.

Question 16

What foods do most toddlers gravitate toward naturally?

Answer 16

Children have an unlearned preference for sweet and slightly salty tastes; they tend to dislike bitter, sour, and spicy foods

Question 17

What happens if parents restrict a young child’s access to enjoyable food?

Answer 17

parents should be cautioned not to severely restrict “junk foods,” foods high in fat and sugar, as that may make these foods even more desirable to the child.

Question 18

At a daycare center, a staff member generally hands out cookies only to those children who eat well-especially their main dish. What is your reaction to this?

Answer 18

When the adults focused the children on external cues for eating, children lost their ability to regulate food intake based on calories.

Question 19

Approximately how many exposures to a new food might it take for a toddler to accept the flavor or taste?

Answer 19

Children tend to be wary of new foods and tastes, and it may take repeated exposures to new foods before these are accepted

Question 20

What are some meal preparation activities that would appropriate for a two year old? Three year old? Four year old?

Answer 20

1. at 2 years: Tear lettuce or greens, Rinse vegetables or fruits, snap green beans
2. At 3 years: Mash potatoes, squeeze citrus fruits, Stir pancake batter
3. At 4 years: peel eggs and some fruits, such as oranges and bananas, crack eggs, help make sandwiches and tossed salads

Question 21

Beginning at age 3, what is considered when estimating a child’s energy requirements?

Answer 21

The DRI equations for estimating energy requirements are base on a child’s gender, age, height, weight, and physical activity level (PAL).
categories of activity are defined in terms of walking equivalence.

Question 22

Which nutrition problems are common among toddlers?

Answer 22

Iron-deficiency anemia

Question 23

What is the recommended treatment for iron-deficiency anemia in toddlers?

Answer 23

Iron supplements
Counseling with parents
Repeat screening

Question 24

What are the major contributors to the increase in childhood weight problems?

Answer 24

High-energy

High-fat diets coupled with sedentary lifestyles

Question 25

Estimate the energy needs of a four-year-old, female toddler weighing 35lb( 16kg) who is physically active

Answer 25

1475 Kcal/day

Question 26

The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDRs) for fat are _____ for children 1 to 3 years and _____ for children 4 to 18 years old.

Answer 26

30-40 % for children 1 to 3 years

25-35% for children 4-18 years

Question 27

The RDA for iron for children ages 4-8 years is _____.

Answer 27

10 mg/day

Question 28

the general fiber recommendation for 5 years old children

Answer 28

25g/day

Question 29

what are some recommendations for toddlers whose parents are vegetarian

Answer 29

several meals a day, avoid excessive bulky foods, include energy dense foods, fat-include omega-3, source of vitamin B12, D and calcium should be included or supplemented

Question 30

approximately – of children between the age of 2-5 consume soft drinks

Answer 30

50%

Question 31

the prevalence of iron deficiency is highest in what two groups of children

Answer 31

low income children, african-american and mexican-american

Question 32

in general, children age 1-5 tend to consume more than enough of most nutrients in their diets–

Answer 32

energy met or exceed recommendations

Question 33

Ellyn Satter: common mistakes do parents make when feeding a toddler/

Answer 33

not respecting feeding relationship