Chapter 14 Flashcards
What did bronsted and lowry theory describe reactions of acids involving?
Involving the donation of a hydrogen ion (H+).
What is a hydrogen ion?
It is a hydrogen atom that has lost a electron. In most cases a hydrogen ion is a proton.
According to the bronsted and lowry theory what is an acid?
A substance behaves as an acid when it donates a proton (H+). Acid is a proton donor.
According to the bronsted and lowry theory what is a base?
A substance behaves as a base when it accepts a proton from an acid. Base is a proton acceptor.
What are conjugate acid/base pairs?
When two can be formed from each other by the loss or gain of a single proton. Two species which differ by a proton (H+).
What is an example of a conjugate pair?
HCL and Cl-
What is a hydrogen ion in solution represented by and what is it called?
Represented by H3O+(aq) or more simply H+(aq) and is called hydronium ion.
What does a hydronium ion do?
It attracts more water molecules.
What two things can acids and bases be?
Compounds or ions.
What are amphiprotic substances?
Substances that behave as either a base or an acid.
If the solute is stronger than the acid what will the water react as?
A base.
If the solute is stronger than the base what will the water react as?
An acid.
What are three amphiprotic substances?
H2O, HCO3-, H2PO4-
With amphiprotic substances the dominant reaction can be used to identify what?
The pH.
What does the bronsted and lowry theory describe the strength of an acid and base as?
For an acid the ability to donate hydrogen ions to a base and for a base the ability to accept hydrogen ions from an acid.
