Chapter- 14

Question 0

What is the purpose of the endocrine system?

Answer 0

To produce and secrete hormones into the blood.

Question 1

What are the 10 glands of the endocrine system?

Answer 1

1. Hypothalamus
2. Pituitary gland
3. Pineal gland
4. Thyroid gland
5. Parathyroid gland
6. Thymus
7. Pancreas
8. Adrenal gland
9. Ovaries
10. Testes

Question 2

What three ways are all the glands alike?

Answer 2

1. They secrete substances known as hormones.
2. They secrete their hormones directly into the blood and not through ducts.
3. Their hormones regulate specific body function.

Question 3

Why is the pituitary gland know as the master gland?

Answer 3

Because the effects of its hormones are felt throughout the body.

Question 4

Where is the hypothalamus located and what does it do?

Answer 4

It is located in the center of the brain. Secretes hormones that stimulate or inhibit the secretion of hormones from the pituitary gland.

Produces 2 hormones of it own: antidiuretic and oxytocin.

DD- double duty. Also in the nervous system.

Question 5

Where is the pituitary gland located and what does it do?

Answer 5

It is located within the brain.

Has 2 lobes: anterior and posterior

Question 6

Where is the pineal gland located and what does it do?

Answer 6

It is located within the brain.
Secretes the hormone melatonin.
It maintains the body’s 24 hour wake sleep cycle, regulates the onset and duration of sleep.

Question 7

Where is the thyroid gland located and what does it do?

Answer 7

It is located in the throat.
It secretes 3 hormones: T3- increases the rate of cell metabolism.
T4- changed by the liver into T3.
Calcitonin- regulates the amount of calcium from blood.

Question 8

Where is the parathyroid gland located and what does it do?

Answer 8

Located in the throat.

Secretes parathyroid hormone, regulates amount of calcium in the blood.

Question 9

Where is the thymus gland located and what does it do?

Answer 9

Located behind the sternum.

Secretes thymidine, causes immature T lymphocytes in the thymus gland to develop and mature.

Question 10

Where is the pancreas located and what does it do?

Answer 10

Located I the stomach.
Secretes 3 hormones: glucagon- blood glucose level is low.
Insulin- transport glucose to a body cell.
Somatostatin- prevents glucagon and insulin from being secreted