Chapter 14

Question 1

MIA meaning

Answer 1

missing in action; many soldiers never found, but families searched for years

Question 2

Vietcong

Answer 2

Communist forces in South Vietnam

Question 3

Bombings of December 1972

Answer 3

heaviest bombing of war on North Vietnam’s cities

Question 4

Bay of Pigs

Answer 4

plan to overthrow Cuban leader Fidel Castro; failed

Question 5

why North Vietnamese didn’t want to agree to peace

Answer 5

they thought if they waited long enough, U.S. forces would leave the war; “wait and see”

Question 6

Fidel Castro

Answer 6

Communist leader of Cuba

Question 7

hot line

Answer 7

communication connection between Moscow (Soviet Union) & Washington, D.C. (U.S.)

Question 8

Cuban exiles

Answer 8

sent to Cuba in 1961 to start an uprising to overthrow Castro

Question 9

Nikita Khrushchev

Answer 9

Soviet leader

Question 10

respond

Answer 10

to reply with action

Question 11

Pentagon Papers

Answer 11

exposed by Daniel Ellsburg; govt. had not been honest about the war

Question 12

Chicago mayor in 1968

Answer 12

Richard J. Daley; had police confront antiwar activists outside Democratic Convention

Question 13

first person to orbit the earth

Answer 13

Yuri Gagarin; Soviet

Question 14

Kennedy’s first foreign crisis

Answer 14

Cuba; Bay of Pigs & Cuban Missile Crisis

Question 15

Congress repealed this in December 1970

Answer 15

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution; had given president power to direct war

Question 16

Communist leader in North Vietnam

Answer 16

Ho Chi Minh

Question 17

MLK assassination city

Answer 17

Memphis, TN

Question 18

Berlin Wall builders

Answer 18

East German government with Soviet backing

Question 19

roots of Vietnam conflict

Answer 19

began in WWII; Japanese vs. Vietnamese (former French colony)

Question 20

ESSAY-Describe events that gave Pres. Johnson congressional support to expand the role in Vietnam.

Answer 20

• when Johnson took office, 16,000 troops acting as advisors
• Johnson wanted Congressional support for more active role
• North Vietnamese patrol boars attacked American ships in Gulf of Tonkin-August 1964
• Congress authorized Pres. Johnson to “take all necessary measures to repel any armed attack against U.S.”
• escalated involvement in 1965; more ground troops and air attacks

Question 21

ESSAY-Choose any TWO events from 1968, and explain how they fit the theme of “Year of Crisis.”

Answer 21

• Tet Offensive-when, why significant, credibility gap
• MLK assassination-when, where, why significant
• Robert Kennedy assassination-when, where, why significant
• Democratic Convention in Chicago-where, when, why significant
• Election of 1968–Johnson dropping out of race, Kennedy shot, violence at Democratic Convention